236 Proceedings of Boy al Society of Edinburgh. [may 16 , 
could not detect the presence of phosphates or carbonates in the 
salivary glands of Helix. 
Therefore, from, these investigations, the salivary glands of the 
Insecta and Gasteropoda are similar in physiological function to 
the salivary glands of the higher animals. 
The following table gives the constituents found in these two 
divisions of the Invertebrata : — 
(II.) Salivary Glands and tlieir Constituents. 
Insecta (Orthoptera). 
Gasteropoda. 
Soluble diastatic ferment, 
present, . 
present. 
Sulphocyanates, 
present, . 
? 
Calcium phosphate, 
present, . 
? 
Calcium, 
present, . 
present. 
Chlorine, 
absent, . 
present. 
C. (I.) On the “Liver” of the Gasteropoda , LamellibvancMata , 
Crustacea , and Insecta. 
I have already proved the so-called “ liver ” of the Cephalopoda 
is a true pancreas ( Proc . Roy. Soc. Edin., vol, xiii. No. 119, 
p. 120). 
The secretion of the “ liver ” of Astacus fluviatilus when fresh 
gives an acid reaction. 
(a) The secretion of the organ acts upon starch paste. The 
starch granules disappear with the exception of their celluloid 
covering ; and on treating with water, and then adding Fehling’s 
solution, sugar in the dextrose form was obtained. 
( b ) The secretion forms an emulsion with oils and fats yielding 
subsequently fatty acids and glycerol. 
(c) The action of the secretion upon milk was to render it trans- 
parent. 
(d) When a few drops of the secretion of the organ were ex- 
amined with chemical reagents under the microscope, the following 
