1887.] Prof. G. Stewart on Albumen from Kidneys. 243 
various groups of individuals examined, as between soldiers and 
men of corresponding life following civil occupations, and between 
children and men about or above sixty. It is therefore necessary to 
consider these groups separately. Among the soldiers and recruits 
examined, 205 in number, 77, or 37'56 per cent., had albuminuria; 
while of 74 adults in civil employments, 8, ox between 10 and 1 1 per 
cent., showed the symptom. Of the former group it was shown by 
nitric acid in 47, or 22-92 per cent.; by the picric acid only in 30, err 
14*63 per cent. Of the latter group it was shown by nitric acid in 
5, or 6*75 per cent. ; by picric acid only in 3, or 4 -05 per cent. 
Table II. shows these results. 
Table II . — Showing the incidence of Albuminuria in Soldiers and Civil 
Population. 
With HN0 3 . 
With Picric 
Acid only. 
Total. 
Per cent. 
Soldiers, . . 
205 
47 
30 
77 
37-56 
Civil Popula- 1 
tion, . . J 
- 74 
5 
3 
8 
10-8 
In seeking to compare the facts in the case of children and old 
people, I thought it desirable to get access to individuals in similar 
position in life, and living under somewhat similar conditions, and I 
was glad to avail myself of the opportunity afforded of examining 
the inmates of Craiglockhart Poorhouse. We got specimens of the 
urine of 40 men, about or above sixty years of age, resident in the 
poorhouse, but not on the sick list. I found that albumen was pre- 
sent in 27 of them, that is in 67*5 per cent. We also examined a 
series of 40 children under puberty, and found that it was present 
in 7, or in 17 ’5 percent. Nitric acid showed it in 9, that is in 22*5 
per cent, of the old men. Picric acid in other 18, or 45 per cent. ; 
while in the children nitric acid showed it in 2, or 5 per cent., and 
picric acid in other 5, or 1 2 *5 per cent. 
When these results are shown in a tabular form, we see at a glance 
how striking is the contrast between the two groups. 
It thus appears that of the four groups the old men in the poor- 
house showed albuminuria most frequently, the soldiers next, the 
children in the poorhouse next, and the least frequently apparent 
were the young men engaged in civil occupations. 
