96 FIELD MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY 
The Pepper Family (PiperacecB). 
Case 162. — Note that white pepper is a product of the same 
plant as black pepper, the former having had its outer husk re- 
moved; both are the fruits of the East Indian Pepper Plant 
{Piper nigrum). Observe the full fruiting spikes of Long Pep- 
per {Piper longum) ; and Cordoncilla and Matico {Piper an- 
gustifolum?) of Guatemala. Observe also Cubebs {Piper cuheha) 
and refer to Case 80 for the use of the Betel Pepper {Piper 
betel) in Betel chewing. 
The Orchid Family {Orchiddcece). 
Case 162. — The commercial types of the Vanilla bean {Vanilla 
planifolia) used as a flavoring substance in cookery and confec- 
tionery; also Salep {Orchis mascula), and Crawley Root {Coral- 
lorrhiza odontorhiza) used in medicine. 
The Indian Shot Family {Cannacece). 
Case 162.— A small monotypic family principally utilized in 
horticulture where it is characterized by the Canna. Note the 
shot-like seeds of Canna indica and a necklace formed of the 
same. 
The Arrowroot Family {Marantacece) . 
Case 162. — Arrowroot flour and starch from Maranta arun- 
dinacea and Maranta indica, and the Venezuelan Lairen Starch 
from Calathea allouia. 
The Ginger Family {Zingiheracece) . 
Case 163. — Note the peculiarities of the flowers and roots of 
this family as indicated in the colored plate. Turmeric {Cur- 
cuma longa), an East Indian Dye-root; also used as a condi- 
ment. (See Curry Powder Ingredients in Case 35.) Ginger, the 
well-known condiment obtained by powdering the roots of the 
Oriental Zingiber officinale; note also Bleached Ginger, Candied 
Ginger, Jamaica Ginger and Oil of Ginger from the same source. 
Grains of Paradise, the seeds of the pungent African Amomum 
melegueta, these also are known as Guinea grains or Melegueta 
Pepper. Observe the various forms of Cardamoms: the Wild 
Cardamom {Amomum zanthioides) and the cultivated Cardamom 
{Elettaria cardamomum). 
