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quarrel and fight, they are not punished, unless either is hurt on 
the head, in which case both of them incur a fine. If a rape should 
he committed upon a very young girl, a circumstance of extreme 
rarity, the whole of the offender’s cattle are confiscated. If a man 
runs away with a girl, both his and her parents have to pay a fine 
to the chief. Seduction in our sense of the word is unknown. If 
a woman is caught in the act of adultery her husband is allowed to 
kill the man and beat the woman. It is very common for a 
married woman to fall in love with another man and ask him to kill 
her husband ; if this gets found out, as is usually the case, both 
the guilty parties are executed. If a man sets fire to another man’s 
hut, he has to pay all damages ; he also gets a good beating, and 
must pay a fine to the chief, as the fire is so liable to spread through 
the village. If a person steals, he receives a thorough beating for 
the first two or three offences; but if repeated, one of his hands is 
cut off, the arm being made fast to a log of wood and the wrist-joint 
divided. If a person insults a puggee, or in any way injures him, 
he must pay a fine both to the chief and to the injured priest. 
Lying is held to be a great crime ; even the youngest children are 
severely beaten for it, and any one over fifteen or sixteen who is an 
habitual liar suffers the loss of one lip as a penalty. 
When several of a family die, it is supposed to be the result of 
lying on the part of the father, or rather a denial of an accusation 
of lying while placing the hand on the Kitab , the falsehood having 
been really committed. On such occasions the priest says — “ If you 
are not speaking the truth may God turn against you,” and then if 
deaths in the family soon follow they are thought to be God’s 
judgment. To obtain His mercy a white pigeon is brought to the 
puggee by the man, accompanied by his accuser ; the priest kills 
the pigeon, puts some of the blood on both accused and accuser, 
and then the pigeon is carefully put away and not eaten. This 
seems to be the nearest approach to sacrifice that obtains in Darfur. 
On the whole, Darfur is singularly free from crime, adultery and 
inciting to murder in order to get rid of a jealous husband being 
the most heinous offences. 
Morals . — The words used to express right and wrong are those 
which denote also good and bad ; namely Tulai , good, and Gettee , 
bad. A good man is one who is truthful and honest, brave, and 
