of Edinburgh, Session 1885 - 86 . 
465 
until the work had to he stopped by the ebb current becoming too 
strong for the anchor. It was sometimes found advisable to begin 
at the bottom and work upwards. 
The following are the observations made in this way : — 
I. Flowing Tide . — August 1, observations at 14 h .30; high water 
at 15 h .27. Depth 12 feet (spring tide). Temperature of water at 
surface 62°*5, at 6 feet 58°'7, and at bottom 55 0, 6. 
Depth, .... Surf. 8 in. 1 foot. 1 ft. 6 in. 3 feet. 6 feet. Bot. 12 ft. 
Density (rough), . . 1-002 1-006 1-007 1-017 1-019 1-022 1-027 
„ at 15°.56, . 1-00108 ... 1-01668 1-02481 
This, being a representative case, is shown by the curve, 
Plate XIII. fig. 1, and on the coloured diagram, Plate XIY. fig. 1, 
where the depth of colour is proportional to the amount of salt in 
solution at each position. 
II. Flowing Tide . — August 3, observations at 15 h .25 and 16 h .0; 
high water at 16 h .56. Depth 8 feet. Weather bright and calm; 
heavy surf on the bar. Temperature of air 54°‘5, surface water 
60 o, 0, at 4 feet 58°*0, bottom 56°*7. A shower on the previous 
night might have raised the river very slightly. 
At 15 h .25. 
Depth, 
Surf. 
2 ft. 
3 ft. 
4 ft. 
5 ft. 
6 ft. 
7 ft. 
Bot. 8 ft. 
Density | 
(rough), . | 
p 1-000 
1-010 
1-015 
1-020 
1-020 
1-022 
1-0235 
1-0235 
Density \ 
at 15°-56 C. i 
- 0-99972 
1-01571 
1-02162 
Kt 16 h .O. 
Depth, Surf. 1 in. 3 in. 6 in. 9 in. 1 ft. 1 ft. 6 in. 2 ft. 3 ft. 6 ft. Bot. 8 ft. 
Density > 1 . 0025 i-002 1*003 1-003 1-0035 1-007 1-015 1-021 1-0235 1-0235 
(rough), .f 
D at 15*56(3 } 1 ' 00000 1-01382 ... 1-02037 
The water on the shore half a mile east of the river mouth had, 
at 14 h .O, the density 1 '02420. 
III. Flowing Tide . — August 5, observations from 14 h .15 to 
16 h .55; high water at 19 h .33. Depth increasing from 4 feet to 7 
feet. Heavy surf on the bar; no wind. Temperature of air 53° '0, 
of surface water (mean for the whole time) 57° ‘2, at half depth 
56° *7, and at bottom 56° '4. 
At 14 h .15. Surface 1-001, correctly 0-99927; bottom 1-002, correctly 0-99937. 
VOL. XIII. 2 I 
