622 
Proceedings of the Royal Society 
this Society, by the Manager of the Amazon Steamboat Company, 
whom it had reached from the upper waters of that great river. It 
is styled by the sender a Cabeza reduzida — reduced head. Dr 
Alfred Pullar, owner of the black specimen, has kindly permitted 
me to show it to the Society. The former was obtained from the 
Pastaza tribe of Macas Indians, the latter from the Jivaro tribe. In 
a note accompanying the head, Dr Pullar says : — “ Through the 
kindness of a friend in South America, I have lately received the 
curious war trophy of the Jivaros, who inhabit a remote district on 
the eastern side of Ecuador. It would appear that very few of 
these objects have been brought to Europe, their rarity being 
explained by the fact that their preparation is a religious custom of 
these Indians. Dr Duns, therefore, suggested to me that this 
trophy would be interesting to the Fellows of the Society in rela- 
tion to a somewhat similar specimen which forms the subject of 
his paper. This curious preparation is a human head, which by 
some process, known only to the Indians, has been dried and 
reduced in bulk to its present condition. It consists of the entire 
scalp and face-skin, the features being perfectly preserved, the eyes 
closed, and eyebrows remaining intact. There is an aperture at the 
base of the head, through which the bones and other structures 
have been removed, leaving only the dried and shrunken integu- 
ments. The hair is of a deep black colour, very thick, soft and 
glossy, and about 20 inches in length. The measurements of the 
head are as follows : — From roots of hair or forehead to nose, 1 J 
inches ; nose to chin, 2 inches ; from ear to ear, across nose, 4 \ 
inches ; length of ear, 1-| inches. The lips are sewn together, and 
a number of strings hang from them, the use of which is not 
apparent.” 
There is considerable difference between the red specimen and 
that thus described by Dr Pullar, both in measurement and other 
respects. I have brought them together for comparison, with the 
view of indicating features of which we have no record in the papers 
referred to above. While, of course, the accuracy of craniometric 
characterisations is not attainable and not sought here, yet the 
leading lines of skull measurement may be followed with regard to 
the integument, which still retains much of the shape it had before 
the bones were removed. In view of this explanation, I give the 
