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double. A man’s load of bananas costs about 50 cowries, a fowl 
5 or 10 cowries, a sheep or goat from 500 to 800 cowries. A 
wedding dowry is usually made up of equal quantities of produce, 
e.g ., 50 slaves, 50 cows, 50 goats, 50 mbugus, 50 loads of bananas, 
50 jars of beer, &c., &c., and fines are paid in the same way. It is 
also a common custom, if a chief is found fault with by the king, for 
him to give equal proportions of everything which Uganda produces 
as a peace-offering. 
Weights and Measures . — The only measures used in Uganda are 
the span of the hand, the cubit, and an arm’s length, and, with the 
exception of one balance at the capital used for weighing ivory, no 
weights are in existence. Capacity is measured by handfuls, and 
also by baskets and jars of various sizes, the largest containing 
about two gallons. Tallies and counters are used ( see Arithmetic). 
Communications . — Uganda is the only country that I know of in 
Central Africa where an attempt is made to facilitate communica- 
tions between one part of the land and another by real roads. 
Another remarkable fact is, that nearly all the roads are straight, 
and lead in direct lines through forests and over hills. Some of the 
principal roads are 80 feet broad, and the narrowest are not less 
than 25. I believe that King Suna II. introduced roadmaking into 
Uganda, and since then they have been regularly maintained. The 
heads of villages are all responsible for certain portions of the roads, 
and the king sends out inspectors from time to time to see that the 
work is properly done. 
Should a swamp have to be crossed, causeways are constructed, 
with bridges at intervals formed by the trunks of trees, to give free 
passage to the streams which filter through them ; and sometimes 
corduroy roads are even met with. 
No metal is placed on the road. With the exception of the small 
bridges just mentioned, the only bridge known in Uganda is the 
usual primitive tree bridge. At most of the creeks ferry boats may 
be found, but these are in nearly all cases private undertakings, 
passengers being expected to pay a small fee. Heavy weights are 
carried slung to poles which men carry on their shoulders, sometimes 
four or six men together. Persons are carried either sitting straddle- 
legs over the shoulders, or else on a rough stretcher carried on the 
shoulders of two men. The king’s daughters, and the head wives of 
