902 Proceedings of the Royal Society 
districts {Abstract, p. 865), and N. 10° W. {Abstract, p. 790) in the 
eastern districts. 
These deflections from the normal direction, both on the west 
coast and in the two districts across Scotland just referred to, can be 
explained on the theory of a N.W. oceanic current. The current, 
on reaching what are now the high mountains of Argyleshire, might 
be deflected there into a more southern direction; and when the 
current reached the two valleys referred to, it might be drawn 
through them by the absence in them of any obstruction. 
That some oceanic current has passed through the southern valley 
seems evident from the numbers and direction of the kaims in 
Koxburghshire and Berwickshire {Abstract, pp. 865 and 790). 
The Convener (in a paper in the Edin. Roy. Soc. Trans., vol. 
xxvii. p. 44) ascribed the formation of these kaims to oceanic action 
through a submarine channel, formed by a range of hills on each 
side ; and in support of his view he referred to the following passage 
in Professor Geikie’s work on the Great Ice Age (p. 248), where he 
observes, that “when we note that strings of gravel ridges and 
mounds may sometimes be followed up one valley, across the 
dividing col, into a totally different drainage system, we cannot but 
conclude that ordinary river action is out of the question as an 
explanation of the phenomena. In the present state of our know- 
ledge we appear to have no alternative but in such cases to admit 
the marine origin of such haims.^’ 
These Berwickshire and Koxburghshire kaims present features 
similar to the kaims of the Lewis {Abstract, p. 819), except that the 
agent which formed them moved in a different direction, owing to 
the difference of the conditions which influenced the current in the 
respective localities. 
6. A question may be asked, that if there existed both local glaciers 
and floating ice, as agencies for the transport of boulders and the 
striation of rocks, which of these agencies was first in operation ? 
The data are too scanty to allow of this question being answered 
with any confidence. 
In the Abstract, p. 831, where reference is made to Glencoe, and in 
Abstract, p. 835, where reference is made to Farr, it will be seen that 
an opinion is offered that glaciers existed first, and that submerg- 
ence of the country took place afterioards. 
