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Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. [Sess. 
forms one of the characteristic features of this portion of the lake (figs. 
37 and 38). 
From the viaduct to below Crossmichael the general features are some- 
what similar, although the water is a little more peaty, but, being somewhat 
remote from hills and moors, the lowland type becomes quite assertive, and 
the gently inclined shores quickly merge into meadow-land or bog. Here, 
again, Scirpus lacustris occupies large areas of the margin ; there are also 
numerous large associations of Phragmites communis, Equisetum limosum, 
Heleocharis palustris, Carex aquatilis, C. rostrata, C. vesicaria, C. Goodenovii, 
etc. A large barren form of either Nitella opaca or N. flexilis occurs 
abundantly about and below the embouchure of the Dee : this is the same 
variety as that found in Woodhall Loch, previously mentioned, and prob- 
ably it was transported from there by water, as the effluent of Woodhall 
Loch flows into the Dee near New Galloway railway station. 
The submersed plants of Loch Ken are as follows : — Littorella lacustris, 
Lobelia Dortmanna, Isoetes lacustris, Juncus fluitans, Apium inundatum, 
Myriophyllum alterniflorum, Fontinalis antipyretica, F. squamosa, Callitriche 
hamulata, Chara fragilis, var. delicatula, Nitella opaca, which occurs through- 
out the loch (near Burned Island there are vast beds of it, although it does 
not extend beyond a depth of 7 feet), the large Nitella previously mentioned, 
Castalia speciosa, Nymphsea lutea and its var. intermedia, N. pumila, Ranun- 
culus peltatus, R. heterophyllus, Glyceria fluitans, Sparganium natans, Pota- 
mogeton natans, and P. polygonifolius. The preceding were all abundant, 
whilst the following were more or less scarce : — Scirpus fluitans, Subularia 
aquatica, Potamogeton prselongus, P. lucens, P. obtusifolius. Filamentous 
Algse were scarce, but occasionally Cladophora glomerata was abundant on 
stones down to 6 or 7 feet deep. The plants of the littoral zone are — 
Scirpus lacustris, Equisetum limosum, Carex aquatilis, C. rostrata, C. 
vesicaria, C. Goodenovii, Heleocharis palustris, Juncus acutiflorus, J. lam- 
procarpus, J. eflusus, J. bufonius, Menyanthes trifoliata, Comarum palustre, 
Spiraea Ulmaria, Caltha palustris, Phalaris arundinacea, Deschampsia 
csespitosa, Cardamine pratensis, Mentha aquatica, M. sativa, Scrophularia 
nodosa, S. aquatica, scarce, Equisetum palustre, scarce, Hydrocotyle vulgaris, 
Ranunculus Flammula and a dwarf prostrate form of it, Carum verticillatum, 
Eriophorum polystachion, Pedicularis palustris, P. sylvatica, Polygonum 
Hydropiper, Galium boreale, G. palustre, Plantago lanceolata, Valeriana 
officinalis, (Enanthe crocata, Angelica sylvestris, Senecio aquaticus, 
Hypericum elodes, Lythrum Salicaria, Serratula tinctoria, Myosotis 
palustris, etc. [In the lagoons at Kenmure Holms, which are connected with 
Loch Ken, are Carex elongata, Lysimachia vulgaris, Lythrum Salicaria, 
