1909-10.] Reproductive Organs in the Free-Martin. 
235 
Author. 
Conditions of Organs. 
Remarks. 
John Hunter 
(1) Arbuthnot's Free-Martin. 
(1786). 
Vagina, upper part narrow ; testes ; 
two cornua ; vasa defer., vesiculae 
seminales. 
(2) Wright's Case. 
Vagina with blind end ; two 
horns ; testes really, external parts 
“ More the appearance of 
the ox or spayed heifer " (op. 
like cow ; clitoris. 
(3) Well's Case. 
cit., p. 53). 
Teats and udder small ; vagina 
More like a heifer ; no 
as in (1) ; vagina and uterus not 
microscopic examination made 
pervious ; testes ; vasa deferentia ; 
segments of vesiculae seminales. 
of the tissues. 
Human (1843). 
Describes nine cases : six like 
Hunter’s and three somewhat 
different. 
Spiegelberg 
External genitals and urinogenital 
Potent bull twin and free- 
(1861). 
sinus as in cow ; rudimentary vagina 
martin calves slaughtered one 
and uterus ; parts of seminales and 
day after birth ; microscopical 
vasa ; parts of W. bodies ; testes 
rudimentary (microscopical examina- 
tion). 
examination of structures. 
Rueff. 
Three cases : two had testes ; no 
vesiculae seminales ; external genitals 
female ; vagina (?) blind in all three. 
Rep. d. Thierheilk. von Hering , 12 
Jahrg. 1851, p. 103. 
Hering. 
Two cases : data only in one. 
No genitals apart from vagina. 
(“Ausser der Scheide nichts von 
Genitalien vorhanden gewesen und 
von Grunde jener, bios eine diinne 
Falte des Bauchfells nach beiden 
Seiten bin abgegangen sein.”) 
Anonymous. 
In Fuchs’ Thierarztl Zeitung, Jahrg. 
iii., note given of five female calves 
from twins with defective uterus. 
In another, note is made by Fuchs 
of a preparation at the Carlsrulier 
Yet. School, of case with both male 
and female genitals. 
Scarpa. 
One year old animal with external 
Presence of twin not stated 
female genitals and internal male. 
in Spiegelberg’s summary. 
Gurlt. 
Conditions like Spiegelberg’s ; 
union between testis epididymis and 
vas more evident. 
Allnatt. 
Vagina long cul-de-sac with rudi- 
Allnatt states that he was 
mentary uterus ; solid vesiculse 
informed of cases where sexual 
seminales ; vas ended in prostate. 
desire was not absent in the 
free -martin. (There is no 
reason why it should be absent 
as a rule, as the testes are 
usually represented.) 
