220 
SECOND BOOK. 
Propagation. — By seeds, which are sown in nursery beds, bamboo 
pots, or “at stake 
Planting. — The land should be — 
1. Lined, at distances of from 5 to 10 feet; and 
2. Holed. 
The seedlings should be — 
1. Set out in wet weather. 
2. Shaded for a few days. 
3. Watered, unless rain be plentiful. 
Shading. — By bananas, congo peas, or other shade plants. 
Topping. — When from 3 to 5 feet high the main stem should be 
topped. This is done — 
1. To prevent damage by winds. 
2. To encourage the spread of branches. 
3. To allow the berries to be easily gathered. 
Pruning. — To let in light and air. 
Manuring: 
1. Mulching with pen-manure, or with weeds and trash. 
2. Burying rotted manure. 
Pests. — Mealy-bug, borer, scale - insects, coffee-leaf miner, rats and 
Preparation: 
1. Pulping ; by means of a machine called a “pulper ”. 
2. Fermenting and Washing; to cleanse the beans. 
3. Drying. The beans are then known as “parchment ” coffee. 
4. Milling ; to remove parchment and silver-skin. 
5. Winnowing ; to blow away the broken skins. 
Dry-berry CofFee. — Sometimes the berries are dried instead of 
being pulped, and are shipped off in a dry state. 
Soil.— The best soil for bananas is a loam with lime in it, and a good 
supply of humus. For example: — 
mice. 
THE COFFEE BEANS (p. 117). 
THE BANANA (p. 120). 
4- 
52 parts of sand, 
