474 
Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. [Sess. 
Since an interference with the usual course of protein metabolism is 
generally indicated by a change in the relative amount of nitrogen in urea 
and in ammonia, in the earlier experiments these constituents were alone 
specially investigated, but in the later experiments other constituents were 
also dealt with. 
II. — Method of Experiment. 
Female dogs of about 15 to 20 kilos, were used for the experiments. 
Catheterisation was not used in collecting the urine. This was done by 
keeping the dog in a galvanised iron cage with a sloping bottom, under 
which the urine, after passing through a rough filter of glass-wool, was 
collected in a glass vessel containing a little dilute hydrochloric acid to 
prevent decomposition. The dog was fed on porridge and milk, which 
produced firm faeces, which were at once removed from the cage, and with 
which the urine was never contaminated. (For a comparison of the 
analysis of urine collected thus and by catheterisation, see Jour, of Physiol., 
xxv., p. 445, 1900.) The diet generally consisted of : — 
Oatmeal = 120 grin. 
Water = 500 c.c. 
made into porridge by boiling for twenty minutes. 
Milk = 500 c.c. 
When nitrogenous equilibrium was established, the chloroform was adminis- 
tered : — 
A . In the first series of experiments, by the respiratory passages, with the 
addition of 10 per cent, alcohol, following Schafer’s recommendation for de- 
creasing the toxic effect upon the heart {Trans. Roy. Soc. Edin., vol. xli., 
p. 311, 1904). 
B. In the second set of experiments, by the stomach, dissolved in oil. 
C. In the third set of experiments, by hypodermic injection. 
In some of the earlier experiments the dog fasted on the day on which 
the chloroform was administered, the effect of a one-day fast being investi- 
gated a few days before the chloroform was given. 
III. — Methods of Analysis. 
The urine was collected at 10 each morning. It was measured, the 
reaction and specific gravity taken, and either the whole or a part diluted 
to a convenient volume. When a deposit was present, it was collected in a 
Y-glass and examined microscopically. 
The Total Nitrogen was determined by Kjeldahl’s method. 
The “ Urea ” Nitrogen was determined by Bohland’s or by Morner and 
Sjoqvist’s method, or by both. A useful comparison of these two methods 
is thus afforded. (See Jour, of Physiol., vol. xxxiii., p. 6, 1905.) 
