46 
Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. [Sess. 
cerebral chord index, shows that the Tasmanian occupies a surprisingly high 
position in this respect. He stands above the European. In other words, 
the Tasmanian has a less well-developed pars glabellaris than even the 
European ; and consequently the difficulty referred to of locating with 
precision the upper end of the glabellar chord, and thereafter of the 
glabellar point, is a very real one. It may be thought that there is a 
fallacy in our results concerning this glabellar cerebral chord index on 
account of their being based on unsexed data. We thought the same, and 
we therefore worked out the .index on the males only, with the result that 
the index became a decimal point less for the males than for the unsexed 
crania. We can therefore only reiterate our statement, surprising though 
it may sound, that the Tasmanian has a less well-developed pars glabellaris 
than the European, and that his glabellar point is consequently somewhat 
difficult of precise location. 
As with the glabella, so with the inion. Innumerable definitions have 
been given from time to time. For Broca (12) and Topinard (13) the inion 
is the protuberantia occipitalis externa. For Duckworth (14) the inion is 
“ the most prominent point on the external occipital protuberance.” 
According to Klaatsch (3), this is exactly what the inion is not. He says : 
“By the inion (which is not identical with the external occipital pro- 
tuberance, a development wanting in the lower races of mankind) must be 
understood the mid-point between the right and the left part of the torus 
occipitalis ; it can be easily found in almost any skull just above the groove 
(fossa supra-toralis of Klaatsch) lying midway on the linea nuchse superior.” 
Schwalbe (2) discusses the whole question carefully, and concludes thus : 
“ Somit ergiebt sich aus dieser Erorterung, dass ich als Inion entweder den 
einheitlichen median en Yereinigunspunkt der Linese nuchse superiores 
und supreme bezeichne oder im Falle des Auftretens eines besonderen 
Tuberculum linearum fur die Linese nuchse superiores den oberen der beiden 
dann verhandenen Hocker oder V ereinigunspunkte als Inion bestimme.” 
It is in this way that the inion has been located in the present investiga- 
tion, though in the Tasmanian crania we found with the inion, as with the 
glabellar point, certain difficulties due to the peculiar formation of this part 
of the skull. In many of the Tasmanian crania the linese nuchse supremse 
and the linese nuchse superiores are particularly well developed, with a well- 
developed intervening torus occipitalis, whilst that part of the squama 
occipitalis which lies immediately above the linese nuchse supremse bulges 
backwards in a most extraordinary and inexplicable manner. 
Turner (10) does not seem to regard this suprainial bulging of the 
squama occipitalis as of any very great importance. He says “the 
