48 
Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. [Sess. 
observations upon every skull : thus the glabella-inion length could only be 
recorded upon 44 out of the 52 crania ; this for the very sufficient reason 
that one or other of the two points was absent in the remaining 8 crania, 
and similarly with the other observations. The fourth column from the 
right sets forth the number of observations recorded. 
It should be further noted that skull number 48 is that of a young 
subject. In another publication (7) we have estimated the age of this skull 
as from 20 to 24 years of age ; and in the present series of calculations it 
has been excluded uniformly from all the final results. Column 48 will 
therefore suffice for a comparison between the average figures obtained for 
the adult skull and that of the juvenile. 
With such an enormous number of calculations we can hardly hope to 
have escaped all possibility of error, but every precaution was taken to 
prevent such errors occurring ; thus every calculation was made with the 
sliding rule and checked arithmetically. 
Having worked out in this way all those major points in the anatomy 
of the Tasmanian calvaria to which Schwalbe has aptly applied the term 
“ form analysis,” it became necessary to have som£ data with which to 
compare the final results attained by us for the Tasmanian. With this 
object we made use of the following : — 
Of the apes we determined to restrict our comparative observations to 
the nearest anthropoid. 
Pithecanthropus erectus was naturally selected in the reasonable 
expectation that it might afford a transition from the anthropoid to 
Homo primigenius. 
Of Homo primigenius we selected the two Spy skulls and that of 
Neanderthal. The Krapina remains, which Klaatsch and others include 
with the Spy-Neanderthal group, were purposely excluded. 
The Gibraltar skull, believed by Schwalbe to form a slight advance 
on the remains of Homo primigenius, was also included in our comparative 
series. 
Of Homo fossilis we selected the remains from Briix and Galley Hill. 
Of the primitive form of Homo sapiens we selected the crania of 
Briinn, Cro-Magnon, and Cannstatt, the last, as it turned out, not a 
fortunate choice. 
Of modern man we selected two examples of Homo iEthiopicus, 
namely, the Yeddah and the Dschagga negro, one from Homo Mongolicus, 
the Kalmuck, and, finally, examples of Homo Caucasicus. 
Our series, comprising as it did some fourteen objects for comparison, 
.was therefore a sufficiently large one to enable us to determine with 
