1910-11.] Bone Growth in absence of Functioning Testicles. 117 
An interesting developmental abnormality was present in the right 
metatarsus of subject A 9, viz. a well-developed os tibiale (18). 
Summary of Report upon Subject A 9. 
A male subject aged 28 with functionless testicles, but no other 
visible lesions of the glands which control metabolism, has been found, in 
spite of his age, to possess an incompletely ossified skeleton. 
This incomplete ossification affects *cer tain of the vertebrae, the ribs, the 
bones of the limb girdles, and the bones of the limbs. 
On examination, the skeleton is found to show many disturbances in its 
interproportions. These are similar to the disturbances in the interpropor- 
tions of the skeletons of giants. In the skull, the great growth of the 
alveolar portion of the superior maxilla, the great depth of the mandibular 
symphysis, and the unusual height of the coronoid process, characters which 
have been associated with giantism, are found to be well marked. In the 
vertebral column the proportions of the cervical, thoracic, and lumbar 
segments are found to approximate to those of giant vertebral columns. 
Similarly, certain characteristics of the limbs resemble the corresponding 
peculiarities found in giants, more particularly the great relative and absolute 
length of the radius and ulna, and of the tibia and fibula. 
The cause of the prolongation of the period of bone formation and of 
the disturbances in the size inter-relationships of the skeleton is hypothesised 
as being the failure of the testicles properly to develop. 
In support of the hypothesis, the following observations made by the 
observers noted are adduced. 
The first group of supporting observations deals with individuals whose 
testicles were functionless as a result of developmental error or disease 
(Group A), the second group with the effects of castration in animals 
(Group B), the third group with the structural peculiarities of eunuchs 
(Group C). 
GROUP A. 
Observations on the Structural Peculiarities of Individuals 
whose Testicles as a result of Developmental Error or 
Disease were Functionless. (Four Observations.) 
Note . — The measurements of the limbs of the first three individuals of 
this group are considered together after Observation 3. 
Observation A 1 (1). 
X, aged 30 years, is unusually tall. His height is 1780 mm. The lower 
limbs are remarkable for their disproportionate length ; the face and body 
