366 
Proceedings of the Boyal Society of Edinburgh. [Sess. 
will largely be the attendants on the cases of the disease, the female mortality 
has always been markedly lower than the male at all ages, and at age periods 
above 20 years. That infection in the dwelling is an important cause of 
spread of tuberculosis of the lungs is undoubted, but that this is a greater 
factor in Scotland than in England, to such an extent, at all events, as to 
explain the great difference in female mortality, is very difficult of acceptance. 
Conditions affecting Bodily Resistance . — Lowered resistance of the 
tissues, produced by exhausting work and insufficient nutrition, is recognised 
as a factor in tuberculosis of the lungs. Dr Burton Fanning (quoted 
by Dr Newsholme), speaking of the effect of over-exertion, says : “ To my 
mind, there are few causes more powerful to determine the outbreak of 
Table X. — Number of Females above Ten Years of Age engaged in “All Occupa- 
tions” AND IN CERTAIN OCCUPATIONS IN SCOTLAND AND IN ENGLAND AND WALES 
per 10,000 Females at Age Periods. 
Scotland. | England and Wales. 
Per 10,000 Females at Age Periods 
Above 
10 
Years. 
1 
10-20 
j Years. 

1 Above 
20 
Years. 
Above 
i 10 
Y ears. 
10-20 
Years. 
Above 
20 
Years. 
1871 
All occupations 
3314 
3983 
3076 
3709 
4478 
3436 
1881 
* 
3409 
4392 
3054 
3406 
4038 
3175 
1891 
)) * 
1 3479 
4567 
! 3079 
3504 
4347 
3191 
1901 
?? ... 
3305 
4208 
2995 
3163 
3870 
2926 
! Average of 40 years 
3376 
4298 
3048 
3419 
4162 
3155 
1871 
Indoor domestic service 
916 
1220 
808 
1396 
2096 
1147 
1881 
• 
| 919 
1265 
795 
1259 
2006 
986 
1891 
1050 
1436 
940 
1250 
1836 
1034 
1901 
55 
803 
1033 
724 
1009 
1400 
878 
Average of 40 years 
! 919 
1229 
806 
1208 
1802 
997 
1871 
Agricultural labourer . 
321 
424 
285 
66 
77 
62 
1881 
>5 * 
302 
380 
274 
40 
40 
40 
1891 
„ • • 
138 
147 
139 
21 
19 
21 
1901 
55 • * 
116 
137 
101 
9 
8 
9 
1 Average of 40 years 
209 
259 
190 
31 
33 
30 
1871 
Textile industries . 
1028 
1487 
866 
642 
973 
524 
1881 
55 ... 
897 
1273 
761 
590 
832 
503 
1891 
55 ... 
833 
1205 
720 
548 
825 
445 
1901 
55 ... 
734 
1059 
623 
516 
755 
418 
Average of 40 years 
862 
1241 
727 
563 
836 
466 
1871 
Engaged in “ dress 55 
405 
329 
432 
831 
582 
920 
1881 
55 
430 
405 
438 
617 
575 
632 
1891 
55 
479 
576 
459 
603 
713 
562 
1901 
55 
456 
555 
422 
524 
686 
490 
Average of 40 years 
445 
476 
434 
633 
646 
628 
