1910-11.] Anatomy of the Head of the Australian Aboriginal. 623 
height, and maximum breadth are as nearly as possible identical, as the 
following figures show : — 
EurojDean. 
Australian. 
Glabella-inion length 
181 
183 
Maximum breadth 
160 
152 
Calvarial height 
98 
101 
A dioptrographic tracing of the European skull and lateral surface of the 
cerebral hemisphere was then superimposed on a similar tracing of the 
Australian skull and brain, both heads being oriented on the glabella-inion 
plane. A study of these superimposed tracings showed that the European 
brain attained its maximum degree of development in the vicinity of the 
frontal pole and the Australian in the occipital pole. The European brain 
exceeded that of the Australian, because laterally it had extended farther 
caudally. 
In order to obtain a mathematically correct idea of the relative amounts 
of surface occupied by the frontal, parietal, and occipital lobes on the lateral 
surfaces of the two brains respectively, each lobe was divided up into a 
series of triangles and the area in square millimetres calculated in the 
ordinary mathematical way. The results of this procedure, though suffi- 
ciently striking in themselves, must be regarded with a certain amount of 
caution for two reasons : first, the curved area of the brain was worked out 
on a flat surface ; and, second, the European was calculated from a cast upon 
which the original Author (Cunningham), for the purposes of his research, 
had left in a bar of bone over the region of one of the most important 
fissures for this calculation, namely, the fissura parieto-occipitalis. It was, 
therefore, impossible to say exactly where the fissure was really situated. 
Its determination was, however, done as accurately as possible both from the 
cast itself and also from the illustration of the cast in Cunningham’s original 
memoir, where the different cerebral lobes are represented in colour. 
Bearing in mind the caution just mentioned, the results in square milli- 
metres of the frontal, parietal, and occipital lobes in the European and 
Australian were as follows : — 
European. 
Australian. 
Lobus frontalis 
4710 
4857 
Lobus parietal is 
4577 
2534 
Lobus occipitalis . 
758 
1204 
