1889-90.] Dr H. H. Ashdown on Substances in Urine. 61 
chemical constituents of the different secretions differed only to 
such an extent as could he readily accounted for by the difference 
in the size of the two organs. 
I found, as the result of these experiments, that if the reducing 
substance was present in the urine of one side, it was invariably 
found also in that of the opposite side. 
Section of the Renal Nerves. — Again, in another series of experi- 
ments, I collected and analysed the right and left urinary secretions 
separately after division of the renal nerves upon the left side. 
These observations then differed from those of the preceding group, 
only by the fact that one organ had been completely cut off from 
all nervous influences from any source without the organ itself. 
The results which were thus gained are most interesting, and an 
illustrative series of these experiments are tabulated below. 
Table I. — To show the Appearance of the Reducing Substances 
in the Right and Left Urinary Secretions. 
No. of Ob- 
servation. 
Duration 
of Obser- 
vation. 
Anaesthetic. 
Urine. 
Remarks. 
Eight. 
Left. 
I. 1. 
60' 
Ether. 
o 
o 
The renal nerves 
2. 
75' 
9 9 
Ether and Chloral. 
o 
o 
were divided 
II. 1. 
160' 
+ 
+ 
upon the left 
III. 1. 
360' 
Ether and Morphia. 
+ 
+ 
side in each 
IV. 1. 
120' 
Ether and Morphia. 
+ 
+ 
observation. 
2. 
120' 
9 9 9 9 
+ 
+ 
+ indicates the 
3. 
120' 
9 9 9 9 
+ 
+ 
appearance of 
HV. 1. 
120' 
Chloroform. 
+ 
+ 
reducing sub- 
VI. 1. 
60' 
Ether and Chloroform. 
lost 
o 
stance. 
2. 
90' 
9 9 9 9 
o 
+ 
3. 
120' 
99 99 
Ether and Chloroform. 
O 
o 
VII. 1. 
30' 
O 
+ 
Trace. 
2. 
120' 
9 9 9 9 
O 
+ 
Markedly. 
3. 
180' 
9 9 99 
O 
+ 
Slight. 
Ether. — Where this was the only anesthetic employed, I never 
succeeded in demonstrating the presence of this reducing substance 
in the urine (Expt. I.). But when used in conjunction with 
chloral hydrate (Expt. II.) or morphia (Expt. III., IV.), it was 
present in such abundance as to be very readily recognised. 
This result was produced upon both sides, and although I am not 
able to state that I could recognise any very marked increase in the 
