340 Proceedings of Royal Society of Edinburgh. [sess. 
3.18. — Pupil still smaller; more sluggish; jumps very heavily; 
placed on back, struggles but cannot recover its position. Reflexes 
are much diminished ; only responds slightly to pinching toe. 
3.25. — Lies on back without struggling, otherwise about same. 
3.45. — Reflexes increased. Prog is having almost continuously 
slight tetanic jerks. Pupils are very dilated. Position is that of 
a frog poisoned with strychnine. 
4.5. — The slightest touch causes one tetanic spasm, leaving the 
frog much exhausted. 
4.50. — Same, but becoming more exhausted. 
The duration and onset of the two stages vary a good deal even 
with the same dose, this being doubtless due to differences in the 
rate of absorption of the poison. 
Rabbits. — Here also the action is similar to that of codeine. 
When small doses are given the animal becomes drowsy and 
lethargic or sleeps quietly, respiration is slowed, while the heart and 
pupil are but slightly affected. It can always be easily roused. 
When larger doses are administered there is considerable narcosis, 
intermingled after a short time with increased reflexes, which may 
proceed to clonic and tonic convulsions. During these the pupil 
dilates. 
When a lethal dose is given the animal quickly dies in tetanus, 
just as with strychnine. About 0T grm. is the minimum lethal 
dose for medium-sized rabbits. The following experiment, along 
with the subjoined Table, gives a tolerably correct idea of its general 
action : — 
Expt. 9. — Rabbit, 1502 grm. Ht., 32 ; R., 27 in 10 secs. 
10.54. — 0*08 ethylmorphine hydrochlorate in 2 cub. cent, water 
subcutaneously. 
11.0. — Quieter, resting chin on table; no increase reflexes. 
H., 27 ; R., 25. 
11.3. — Alarmed, jerks at least noise. 
11.5. — Had a clonic convulsion (trembling). 
11.7. — Is a good deal narcotised, but reflexes are increased, and 
starts spontaneously or on stimulation. 
11.20. — Pupil dilated. In statu quo. 
11.47. — Lying on belly narcotised, but can be easily aroused. 
Often gives a slight spontaneous start. H., 27 ; R., 22. 
