28 BULLETIN 1239, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
susceptibility is not determined by vigor and rapidity of growth or 
early ripening. 
A large part of the seed wheat sown in the semiarid regions of the 
western United States is killed by seed treatment, because of threshing 
injury to the seed coat. 
Infection from spores present in the soil is subject to partial control 
when the seed is treated with copper sulphate or with commercial 
lime-sulphur applied full strength and allowed to dry. This protec- 
tion is not afforded by formaldehyde. 
Burying the spores below the seed bed by replowing the summer 
fallow will aid in controlling bunt. 
Bunt can be entirely prevented by sowing treated seed before the 
smut shower and can be largely controlled by delaying the sowing 
until the saprophytic existence of the organism has terminated. 
LITERATURE CITED. 
(1) Appel, Otto. 
1906. Zur Beurteilung der Sortenreinheit von Squarehead- Weizen- 
feldern. In Deut. Landw. Presse, Jahrg. 33, p. 465-466, fig. 689. 
(2) 1907. Veranderung der Ahren von Squareheadweizen durch Stein- 
brand. In Mitt. K. Biol. Anst. Land- u. Forstw., Heft. 2, p. 12, 
fig. 3. 
(3) and Gassner, Gustav. 
1907. Untersuchungen iiber den Brand, insbesondere den Flugbrand 
des Getreides. In Mitt. K. Biol. Anst. Land- u. Forstw., Heft 2, 
p. 9-12, fig. 2. 
(4) and Riehm, Eduard. 
1914. Zur Frage der tlberwinterung des Steinbrandes im Boden. In 
Mitt. K. Biol. Anst. Land- u. Forstw., Heft 15, p. 6. 
(5) Brown, William. 
1915. Studies in the physiology of parasitism. I. The action of 
Botrvtis cinerea. In' Ann. Bot., v. 29, p. 313-348. References, 
p. 348. 
(6) Edle;., Wilhelm. 
1906. Zur Veranderlichkeit der Squarehead-Zuchten. In Fuhlings 
Landw. Ztg., Jahrg. 55, p. 601-606, 2 fig. 
(7) Falke. Fr. 
1900. Die Dehne'sche Desinfektionsmaschine fur Saatgetreide. In 
Landw. Wchnschr. Sachsen, Jahrg. 2, p. 365-367, 374-375, ill us. 
(8) 1905. Beobachtungen iiber den Einfluss der Saatgutbeize auf die 
Keimfahigkeit des Getreides in trockenen Jahren (190-1). In 
Illus. Landw. Ztg., Jahrg. 25, p. 479-480. 
(9) Gaines, E. F. 
1920. The inheritance of resistance to bunt or stinking smut of wheat. 
In Jour. Amer. Soc. Agron., v. 12, p. 124 -132. 
(10) Grassmann, P. 
1886. Die Verluste beim Weizenbau infolge unzweckmassiger An- 
wendung dee Kupfervitriols als Schutzmittel gegen den Schmier- 
brand. In Landw. Jahrb., Bd. 15, p. 293 307. 
(11) Harwood, P. M., and HoLDBN P. G. 
1892. Smut in oats and wheat. Jensen or hot water treatment. 
Mich. Agr. Exp. Sta. Bui. 87, 12 p., 5 Bg, 
(12) Hbald, F. I)., a id Gb >rge, I). C. 
1918. The wind dissemination of the spores of bunt, or stinking 
smut, of wheat. Wash. A^r. Exp. Sta. Huh 151, 23 p., 2 fig. 
(13) and Wool max, II. M. 
1915. Hunt or stinking smut of wheat. Wash. A»gr. Exp. Sta. Bui. 
126, 24 p., 5 fig. 
