A FIVE-YEAR FARM MANAGEMENT SURVEY IX OHIO. 23 
crop, which yielded less than a ton per acre that year. Most of these 
men prefer the soy bean to the cowpea for a hay crop, believing it 
better adapted to local conditions. In growing the soy bean for 
hay it is essential to use varieties that make a good growth. Farm- 
ers in this area have found the medium green and some of the black 
varieties best adapted for hay production. They have learned also 
that unless soy beans have been grown on the land in recent years 
inoculation gives better growth. 
Wheat, oats, and rye, when used for hay crops, represented acre- 
ages on which these crops had wholly or partially failed as grain 
crops, or for some other reason could not well be harvested as grain. 
When millet, sorghum, soy beans, or cowpeas were sown for a hay 
crop, it was usually done in order to meet an anticipated shortage in 
the main hay crop. Sorghum has been grown for hay by a few 
farmers for several years, and with good report in most cases. Soon 
after cutting, it was piled in bunches in the field, where it usually 
remained until during the winter, when it was hauled and fed. 
Some attempts to grow alfalfa have been made in Palmer Town- 
ship, but most of them have failed. On the other hand, a few suc- 
cesses have been reported, and alfalfa can probably be grown with 
some degree of success on part of the land in the township. How- 
ever, it must be borne in mind that the drainage, lime, fertility, and 
inoculation requirements of the plant must be met before it can be 
grown successfully. 
Some farmers harvested the second crop of clover for seed. A 
few harvested clover seed nearly every year, while others had only 
an occasional crop, and 6 of the 25 had none during the entire 
period. The few farmers who usually had a crop of clover seed 
were thus enabled to supply their own needs and have a small sur- 
plus for sale. If more attention were given to growing clover, more 
seed could be harvested and thus the cash outlay for one of the 
main items in. the expense for seed might be reduced. More atten- 
tion should be given to growing clover, not merely for seed produc- 
tion, but to help maintain fertility and to furnish feed. 
MISCELLANEOUS CROPS. 
The area devoted to miscellaneous crops was about 5 per cent of 
the crop area, or 2J acres per farm. It included the acreage devoted 
to fruit, potatoes, annual pasturage crops, soiling crops, and green 
manure. Of these, fruit was the most important, occupying about 
nine-tenths of the miscellaneous crop area, or a little more than 2 
acres per farm. The greater part of the fruit grown was apples, 
although most farmers had a few peach, plum, cherry, pear, and 
quince trees scattered about the dooryard, in the gardens or among 
the apple trees. The acreage devoted to these fruits was very small 
and so hard to measure that it was not estimated unless the trees 
