48 
The beet pulp sold during the last 10 years was valued at an 
average of about 75 cents per ton. the range being from TO to 81 
cents. The average wages paid per day during the last 10 years were 
82 cents for men. 45 cents for women, and 34 cents for children. 
The coal used during the 10 years 1903-4 to 1912-13 averaged 
781.944 tons annually, at an average price per ton of $4.26. 
Subsequent to 1886 the exports of sugar have exceeded the im- 
ports, except in the years 1911 and 1912, when the imports were in 
excess of the exports. The exports have shown a marked decline 
during the 10 years 1904-1913 compared with the preceding 10 years, 
1894-1903. On the other hand, the imports have increased during 
the last 10 years as compared with the 10 years preceding. The 
average annual exports during the period 1894-1903 were 414,079 
tons, compared with 262,763 tons during the period 1904r-1913. The 
imports during 1894-1903 averaged 135,048 tons annually, and 146,- 
814 tons during 1904-1913. The greater portion of the sugar exported 
was refined, and the most of the imports were raw sugar from French 
colonies. 
The annual average consumption of sugar in France during the 
10 years 1893-1902 was 480,967 tons, or 24.9 pounds per capita. The 
consumption during 1903-1912 was 662,438 tons annually, or 30.6 
pounds per capita. The range of per capita consumption during the 
first 10 years was from 22.9 to 26.7 pounds and during the last 10 
years from 30 to 38.6 pounds. 
Statistics of beets grown for seed are available only for the Depart- 
ment of the Xord. The data given are for 1913 and 1914. and the 
area devoted to this purpose was 1,221 and 1.831 acres, respectively. 
The production of seed was 1.960,330 and 3.593.939 pounds, valued 
at 10.6 and 7.5 cents per pound, or a total of $205,939 and $267,434. 
The average yield per acre was 1.605 and 1,963 pounds, or an average 
value per acre of $160.55 and $146.06. 
The sugar section of France is in the extreme northern part, com- 
posed chiefly of five Departments — Xord, Aisne. Oise. Somme. and 
Pas-de-Calais. These five Departments contain 180 of the 232 sugar 
factories, leaving only 52 for all of the other Departments. 
ITALY. 
BEET SUGAR. 
The sugar-beet area of Italy is located in the northeastern part of 
the Kingdom, chiefly in two Provinces, Yenetia and Emilia, bordering 
on the northern part of the Adriatic Sea. The Province of Yenetia 
contained one-half of the area devoted to sugar beets, and Emilia 
about one-third. These two Provinces produced approximately 90 per 
cent of the beets during the six years 1909-1914. They also contain 
