SUGAR PRODUCTION IN U. S. AND FOREIGN COUNTRIES. 5 
9.9, and the United States 7.3. British India produced 27.9 per cent 
of the cane sugar, Cuba 19.7, Java 15.6, Hawaii 5.8, and the United 
States 3.9. 
During the decade 1904-1913 the annual exports of sugar from Cuba 
exceeded all other countries, amounting to 1,626,000 tons; Java, 
1,342,000; Germany, 920,000 ; Austria-Hungary, 755,000; and Hawaii, 
482,000. The cane-sugar producing countries show a large increase 
in exports of sugar, while the beet-sugar countries, with the exception 
of Russia, show either a small increase or a decrease. The United 
States exceeded all other countries in imports of sugar, amounting to 
2,743,000 tons, as compared with 1,843,000 tons for the United King- 
dom, 147,000 for France, 83,000 for the Netherlands, 35,000 for Ar- 
gentina, and 13,000 for Germany. 
The United States also heads the list in consumption of sugar, 
which amounted to an annual average of 3,492,000 tons during the 10 
years 1904-1913, an increase over the preceding decade of 42.9 per 
cent, as against 2,633,000 for British India; 1,884,000 for the United 
Kingdom, an increase of 9.9 per cent; 1,203,000 for Germany, an in- 
crease of 44.3 per cent; 1,129,000 for Russia, an increase of 49.7 per 
cent; 662,000 for France, an increase of 37.7 per cent; and 634,174 for 
Austria-Hungary, an increase of 55 per cent. During the decade 
1904—1913 Australia exceeded all other countries in per capita con- 
sumption of sugar, amounting to 112.96 pounds, as compared with 85 
pounds for the United Kingdom, 77.6 for the United States, 60.6 for 
Cuba, 38 for Germany, 30.6 for France, 28.1 for Belgium, 26 for Aus- 
tria-Hungary, 16.7 for British India, and 14.4 for Russia. 
The adoption of the articles of agreement at the Brussels Conven- 
tion brought about a change in the sugar industry of international 
importance. Eleven years later the outbreak of the European war 
brought about another change of international importance, the 
effects of which can not be determined until after the close of the 
war. The United Kingdom had been the chief market for the beet 
sugar of the continent. When hostilities began that market not only 
was closed to most European beet sugar, but the United Kingdom 
was forced to seek other sources for its sugar supply, which proved 
to be difficult as well as expensive. The British Empire exceeds all 
other countries in production of sugar, yet the United Kingdom 
holds second place in importation of sugar, of which approximately 
90 per cent came from foreign countries, mostly European. The 
West India committee have presented a memorandum to the British 
Government which cites the advantages of having the United King- 
dom obtain its sugar supply from British colonies, which it is esti- 
mated could be done if colonial sugar were given preferential treat- 
ment in the customs tariff. This legislation, if enacted, will prob- 
