4 BULLETIN 473, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
Austria, or 6,615 for the Empire. The average output of sugar 
per factory for other countries was 7,585 tons for the Nether- 
lands. 7,474 for the United States, 6,170 for Germany, 4,947 for 
Russia, 3,054 for France, and 2,765 for Belgium. The percentage 
of increase in the output of sugar per factory during the decade 
1903-4 to 1912-13 over the preceding decade was greatest for the 
United States, amounting to 94 per cent, as compared with 54 per 
cent for the Netherlands, 41 for Germany, 38 each for Austria- 
Hungary and Russia, and 20 per cent for Belgium. 
Statistics of practically all of the beet-growing countries give the 
total world area used for beets in excess of 6,000,000 acres, or an 
average of about 1 ton of sugar per acre of beets. As the average 
yield of sugar per acre of cane is slightly higher than for beets, it 
may be assumed that another 6,000,000 acres of cane are harvested 
for sugar. Thus a total of 12,000,000 acres are harvested annually 
to produce the world's supply of sugar. In the Tropics the harvested 
cane is only a part, sometimes about one-half, of the total cane area. 
The cane growing in all countries in a normal season but not har- 
vested might equal 3,000,000 acres, thus making the total world area 
of cane possibly 9,000,000 and the total area of cane and beets 
15,000,000 acres. The yield of beet sugar per acre has varied from 
1,800 to 3,900 pounds, while the cane sugar for countries where 
reliable dat-a are available varies from 2,000 pounds per acre to more 
than 9,000 pounds. Hawaii and Java exceeded all other countries 
in production of sugar per acre harvested, amounting to 4^ tons 
and 5 tons for some years for Hawaii, 1 as against slightly more than 
2 tons for Cuba, 1 ton each for the United States, Porto Rico, Argen- 
tina, Australia, and British India. The yield of cane per acre for 
Hawaii and Java was also higher than for other countries, and aver- 
aged about 40 tons, as against about 20 tons for the other countries. 
As far as data are available, the United States exceeds in production 
of beet sugar per f actor}* employee, amounting to 59.80 tons annually 
for the decade 1903-4^to 1912-13, as against 22.97 for Hungary. 
20.61 for France, 13.95 for Austria, 11.42 for Russia, and 19.09 for 
cane sugar for Hawaii. 
During the decade 1903-4 to 1912-13 78.9 per cent of the world's 
output of sugar was produced in 11 countries, compared with 81 per 
cent for the preceding decade. The 11 countries and the percentage 
of world's sugar crop produced in each during this decade were 14.5 
per cent for British India, 13.6 for Germany. 10.3 for Cuba, 8 per 
cent each for Austria-Hungary, Java, and Russia, 4.7 each for the 
United States and France, 3 for Hawaii, and 1.5 each for Belgium 
and the Netherlands. During this period Germany produced 28.4 
per cent of the beet sugar. Austria-Hungary 18.2, Russia 17.4. France 
i Hawaii, in 1914-15 had 239,800 acres of growing cane, and harvested 113,200 acres, or 
47 per cent 
