18 BULLETIN 677, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
Collington loam—The surface soil of the Collington loam, to a 
depth of nearly 8 inches, consists of a brown loam, generally having 
a slight olive green tinge. The typical subsoil is a greenish-yellow 
loam, which in some cases is rather heavy and coherent. A consider- 
able amount of greensand or glauconite is found in both surface soil 
and subsoil, particularly in the latter. The type is derived through 
the weathering of the underlying mar! beds. 
The surface is generally level and the natural drainage has become 
well established. Only small areas of the type are found in the 
immediate vicinity of Freehold and no distinctive cropping system 
has been developed for this soil. 
Collington clay loam—The surface soil of the Collington clay 
loam is a dark-brown to almost black loam having a depth varying 
from 3 to 6 inches. The immediate subsoil is a dark-brown to dark- 
green compact clay loam or clay. The deeper subsoil is somewhat 
more granular, and grades into the greensand marl from which the 
type is derived. It occurs only in small areas where marl beds are 
exposed at the surface. 
The surface of this soil type is level or gently sloping. Drainage 
is fairly well established. Owing to its small extent, both near Free- 
hold and elsewhere in southern New Jersey, no distinctive cropping 
system has been developed for it, although it is commonly recognized 
as being better suited for the production of grass and grain than for 
any other crops. 
Collington sandy loam—The surface soil of the Collington sandy 
loam, to an average depth of about 9 inches, is a ight-brown to brown 
sandy loam, frequently showing a distinct greenish tinge. The imme- 
diate subsoil is a greenish-yellow sandy loam which becomes heavier 
and more coherent with depth. At about 30 inches it grades into a 
green loam or sandy clay, representing the greensand marl from 
which the type is derived. : 
The type occurs only to a limited extent near Freehold along 
sloping stream banks and it is not distinctively farmed. 
Freneauv loam.—Narrow stretches of somewhat poorly drained bot- 
tom land along the shallow stream courses within the area were 
mapped as the Freneau loam. In many cases, near Freehold, open 
ditches have been dug through this type and drainage has been suffi- 
ciently established to permit of crop production. The greater part 
of the type is used for pasture or the cutting of hay. The surface 
soil varies from place to place, but the subsoil consists rather uni- 
formly of unweathered greensand marl, dark green in color and 
decidedly sticky and wet. 
The Sassafras loam occupies 87.6 per cent of the total area sur- 
veyed, and all other types mapped are not only subordinate in extent 

