48 BULLETIN 677, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
monly good to rather excessive. Seepage waters rise nearly to the 
surface at the foot of slopes, rendering the lower lying portions of 
the type somewhat more moist than the general average. The 
natural tendency of the type to excessive drainage has been cor- 
rected in the Swedesboro area through the incorporation of large 
quantities of stable manure and of green crops plowed into the 
surface soil. 
The type is practically all cleared and used for intensive forms 
of crop production. 
Sassafras sandy loam.—The surface soil of the Sassafras sandy 
loam is a brown, loamy, medium sand, 6 to 8 inches deep. It is 
somewhat more sandy than in either the Hartford or the Thoro- 
fare area. The subsoil is a loamy yellow sand to a depth of about 
18 inches, where it is underlain by a sticky, coherent, sandy loam 
of a reddish-yellow color. This is locally termed a “clay.” A 
small amount of gravel is found in both soil and subsoil. 
The surface of the type is gently sloping to nearly level. Drain- 
age is well established but is not usually excessive. 
Sassafras gravelly coarse sandy loam.—The Sassafras gravelly 
coarse sandy loam occupies gravelly slopes and knobs. The surface 
soil to a depth of 5 to 10 inches is a yellowish-brown sandy loam filled 
with fine gravel. The pebbles range in size from one-fourth to 14 
inches in diameter. The immediate subsoil is a yellow, gravelly 
loamy sand or gravelly sandy loam. The deeper subsoil usually 
~ consists of a somewhat compacted and dense gravel bed containing 
only a moderate amount of finer grained material. 
The type occurs on slopes or as small knolls and knobs, and drain- 
age is complete to excessive. 
Sassafras coarse sand.—The surface soil of the Sassafras coarse 
sand, to an average depth of about 8 inches, is a brown to yellowish- 
brown coarse sand. It is scarcely coherent and constitutes the most 
sandy soil in the area. The subsoil, extending from a depth of $ to 
86 inches, consists of a medium yellow sand, slightly orange in color 
in the lower depths. A small amount of fine gravel occurs in the 
deep subsoil. 
The type occurs chiefly on low ridges associated with the Sassafras 
coarse sandy loam and sandy loam. It is well to excessively drained. 
Sassafras fine sandy loam.—The surface soil of the Sassafras fine 
sandy loam, to a depth of about 8 inches, is a brown fine sandy loam 
containing small quantities of fine gravel. From 8 to 16 inches the 
subsoil is a reddish-yellow, sticky, fine sandy loam. This is under- 
lain to a depth of 3 feet or more by a stiff reddish-yellow clay. 
The surface of the type is gently sloping and the drainage is good. 
The stiff subsoil interferes somewhat with internal drainage. 

