2 BULLETIN 1469, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 
the park and to crush the larvae, pupa?, and moths and destroy the 
newly deposited egg clusters. The State forester's office detailed a 
force of men to search the area outside of the parkway, to determine 
the immediate limits of the infestation, and to destroy all of the 
satin moths found. The Bureau of Entomology cooperated by scout- 
ing the towns outside of the area where the park department and 
State forces were working. 
The spraying was not so effective as normally, because many larvae 
had left the trees for pupation or had pupated in the leaves on the 
trees. However, the infestation was to some extent reduced by 
spraying and by the other suppressive methods used. 
Scouting operations determined that the infestation was of sev- 
eral years' standing and that the insect had spread over a much 
larger area than had been supposed. In some of the surrounding 
towns and cities, where a few isolated defoliated Lombardy poplar 
trees were found, statements were obtained to the effect that this 
insect had been present the previous year, but had not been recog- 
nized as a new insect in the locality. 
It is not known when the satin moth arrived in this country, but 
it must have been present several years prior to 1920. In many loca- 
tions large larvae and pupae were found in the scouting operations of 
1920, indicating that the insect was present in the previous year. 
In addition to the suppression and scouting work which was im- 
mediately begun, Franklin H. Mosher, of the Bureau of Entomology, 
stationed at the gipsy-moth laboratory at Melrose Highlands, Mass., 
investigated the life history of the satin moth and collected data on 
its habits. 
DISTRIBUTION IN EUROPE AND ASIA 
This insect is widely distributed throughout Europe and Asia. 
In some localities it is common and destructive, and a number of 
distinct varieties or races are recognized in the different regions 
which it inhabits. 
Foreign literature indicates that it is common in central Spain and 
throughout Italy, also in Russia, the Balkan peninsula, Corsica, Ar- 
menia, northeastern Asia Minor, Altai, southeastern Siberia, Urga, 
Amur, Chosen (Korea), China, and Japan. It has also been reported 
from the Arctic region and from the British Isles. 
Experts of the Bureau of Entomology, detailed on gipsy-moth 
work in Europe, report it sparsely distributed over most of France, 
Germany, Poland, Bulgaria, Spain, Italy, Yugoslavia, Hungary, and 
Czechoslovakia, and medium to heavy infestations have been reported 
at Dresden, Germany ; Luck and Smogulec, Poland ; Sofia, Bulgaria ; 
Prague, Czechoslovakia ; and Budapest, Hungary. The infestations 
observed were on poplar and willow trees planted on roadsides and 
estates. In foreign literature oak foliage has been included as one 
of the foods of this insect. 
In Europe it is not usualty considered a very serious pest, being 
noticed at times of great abundance, when poplar and willow trees 
are severely defoliated. There is some confusion in foreign literature 
as to the manner in which this insect hibernates, but the facts that the 
moths are strong flyers and that they are attracted to lights are 
mentioned in many articles referring to the satin moth. 
