18 
BULLETIN 552, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
A space also is left between each board in a layer and the adjacent 
board to provide for the circulation of air throughout the stack. 
Flat or horizontal piling may be of two kinds: (a) With the ends of 
the boards toward the alley — endwise piling, and (b) with the sides 
toward the alley — sidewise piling. Figures 13 and 14 illustrate the 
two methods. The stacks are arranged to slope from front to rear, 
Fig. 14. — Lumber piled lengthwise on wooden foundation. 
and to lean forward so that water dripping from the top falls to the 
ground without trickling down over the courses below. With either 
method of piling the stacks should be so located in the yard that the 
prevailing winds blow through them rather than against the ends. 
Most lumber manufacturers and dealers use the endwise method 
of piling. A number, however, have adopted the sidewise method, 
Fig. 15.— Method of providing drainage under lumber piles. 
which has certain advantages in the matter of air circulation. In 
endwise piling the stickers obstruct the passage of air from back to 
front of a course, while in sidewise piling the passages from front to 
rear are clear. Water which forces its way into the pile is more 
efficiently drained in sidewise piling, and the likelihood of sticker rot 
and discoloration due to the accumulation of moisture, dust, and dirt 
against the stickers is lessened. 
