30 BULLETIN 381, U. S. DEPARTMENT OE AGRICULTURE. 
year to the credit of coupons and remains a liability until re- 
deemed. (16) 
4. Merchandise purchases. — The total amount of the invoices of 
payments for merchandise. (28) 
5. Produce purchased. — The total value of the produce paid for in 
coupons or cash. It is important that all the produce purchased for 
coupons or cash be entered in this column, so that reliable statistics 
may be had on this branch of the business. In a credit business it is 
sometimes found convenient to credit the customer's account with 
the produce bought. In that case a special produce register is kept, 
upon which are recorded all items of produce for merchandise with- 
out the use of coupons. However, all such exchanges should be prop- 
erly recorded on the produce register, so that a complete account is 
kept of all produce purchased. (29) 
6. Returns and allowances. — In this are entered cash refunds for 
goods returned by customers. (25) 
7. Freight, express, and cartage. — In this are entered all payments 
for transportation on inward goods. (31) 
8. Salaries and labor. — All salaries and wages are entered in this 
column. Later they are subdivided under accounts. (41) and (45) 
9. Advertising and delivery. (42) and (43) 
10. Miscellaneous buying and, selling expense. (44) 
11. Office expense. (46) 
12. Rent, insurance, and taxes. (48) 
13. Light, heat, water, power. (49) 
14. Interest. (53) 
15. Telephone and telegraph. (52) 
16. Bills payable. (14) 
17. Furniture and fixtures. — In this column are entered all pay- 
ments for additions to furniture and fixtures, but must not contain 
anything for merchandise or renewals and repairs. (10) 
18. Unclassified. — In this column are entered all items which can 
not properly be included under any of the preceding headings. The 
account titles are indicated in the space provided, and each item is 
posted to the proper account in the General Ledger as explained on 
page 36. 
BALANCING THE CASHBOOK. 
As already stated, the sum of columns 1, 2, and 3 equals the sum 
of the totals in the distribution columns. This must be proved before 
any totals are forwarded from page to page. The cash balance should 
be noted in the Receipts Book "items" column from time to time. 
(See Form 14.) But this is only a memorandum. The totals should 
be carried forward until the end of each month, when the totals are 
entered in the Summary (Form 18). 
