IS BULLETIX 342, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
the intestine is almost colorless, transparent, and void of a large 
part of its granular food material. 
The reproductive system, composed of two branches, opens at the 
vulva, which is situated about one-eighth to one twenty-seventh of 
the body length forward from the tail end. The fertile branch 
which extends in front of the vulva is at first glandular and saclike 
for a short distance. It then becomes smaller and continues as a 
fine tube of uniform diameter to near the middle of the organism. 
This tubelike portion, the uterus, is usually filled with many fertil- 
ized eggs in various stages of development, and in old females may 
contain hatched larva?. The uterus expands into a vesicular-shaped 
portion, presumably the receptaculiun seminis. where fertilization 
takes place, and the latter opens into the large end of the ovary, 
which contains mature ova. Usually the ovary folds twice, once near 
the anterior end of the intestine and again just forward of the mid- 
dle of the animal, and terminates in a small blind end filled with 
rudimentary eggs. Back of the vulva there is a short, bag-shaped, 
glandular, sterile branch of the genital organs, the f miction of which 
is not understood. 
As females mature they become tightly coiled and motionless, 
except for a slight motion of the head. Although still capable of 
being bent, they will, if straightened out and released, quickly recoil 
into a shape somewhat similar to that of a watch spring. 
Egg laying begins soon after the galls are formed and continues 
for several weeks.. during which time a single female may lay more 
than 2.000 eggs. As an average of about six or seven females are 
developed in each flower gall, the latter usually contains about 15.000 
eggs or an equal number of larvae into which the eggs soon develop. 
By actual count the writer has found 11.573 and 18.051 larva? in 
what were selected as two medium-sized galls, while Dr. X. A. Cobb 
informs him that he has found as many as 90.000 in a very large gall. 
Like larva? of the first stage, adult females as well as males are 
incapable of withstanding unfavorable conditions of temperature 
and moisture. 
MALES. 
As may be seen from figure G. the adult male differs conspicu- 
ously from the female. It is much shorter, measuring from about 
2 to 2.5 millimeters in length, or approximately one-half that of 
the female, and is more slender, its maximum width being from 
one-twentieth to one-thirtieth of the length. The anterior end is 
broader and not as rounded as in the female, and slightly in front 
of the pointed tail end it possesses a curved transparent wing, the 
bursa, with which females may be held. Near the center of this 
bursa is located the opening of both the intestine and the reproduc- 
