RELATION BETWEEN PAY AND STANDARD OF LIVING 
25 
under family living cycles (Table 9) gives further evidence of the 
bearing of size of family upon expenditures per family. 
Table 9. — Relation of size of family and of family living eycles to sum of 
expenditures per family and per cost-consumption unit and- the percentage of 
expenditures devoted to advancement per cost-consumption unit, for year 
ended December 31, 1919, in farm homes of selected localities of Kentucky, 
Tennessee, and Texas 
Operators 
in group 
Average 
size of 
family 
Living expenses, all purposes 
Persons per family 
Per 
family 
Per cost-consump- 
tion unit 
Total 
Devoted 
to ad- 
vance- 
ment 
2 
Number 
130 
183 
163 
131 
93 
56 
47 
58 
Persons 
2.0 
3.0 
4.0 
5.0 
6.0 
7.0 
8.0 
9.0 
Dollars 
1,191 
1,259 
1,404 
1,488 
1,496 
1,614 
1,730 
2,022 
Dollars 
575 
516 
495 
473 
446 
428 
419 
431 
Per cent 
5.0 
3 
5.8 
4 
5.7 
5 . 
5.5 
6 - . 
6.0 
7__ 
5.9 
8 . --. - 
6.6 
9__ 
4.9 
861 
4.6 
1,437 
490 
5.6 
Family living cycles: 
88 
107 
147 
65 
164 
69 
92 
44 
48 
32 
2.0 
3.6 
5.8 
3.9 
6.7 
3.9 
5.7 
3.4 
3.5 
2.0 
1,224 
1,079 
1,359 
1,322 
1,681 
1,567 
1,839 
1,580 
1,317 
1,097 
613 
450 
441 
499 
444 
543 
500 
559 
461 
551 
5.1 
Children at home — 
3.7 
4.2 
6toll years.. - - 
4.4 
6.2 
12 to 18 years ... - - 
7.8 
12 to 24 years - — - - -- 
7.2 
19 to 24 years • - - --- 
10.4 
19 or more years. ... - - - -- 
5.4 
Children gone 
4.8 
All families 1 - 
856 
4.6 
1,437 
491 
5.6 
1 Five of the families which could not be classified in any one group are excluded. 
Schooling of the parents — that is, of the operator and the home 
maker — is regarded as a possible influence on the desires for higher 
standards of living and therefore as making larger demands upon the 
funds needed for family living. The extent of schooling of the farm 
operators and of the home makers by tenure groups is shown in 
Table 10. 
Table 10. — Number and percentage of farm operators and home makers having 
schooling of less than eighth grade, ninth to twelfth grade, and more than 
twelfth grade (or equivalent in each case) by tenure. Farm homes of selected 
localities of Kentucky, Tennessee, and Texas 
Operator 
Home maker 
Total 
re- 
port- 
ing 
Extent of education 
Total 
re- 
port- 
ing 
Extent of education 
Tenure 
8th grade 
or less 
9th-12th 
grade 
More 
than 12th 
grade 
8th grade 
or less 
9th- 12th 
grade 
More 
than 12th 
grade 
All families 
825 
389 
310 
126 
No. 
676 
289 
266 
121 
P.ct. 
81.9 
74.3 
85.8 
96.0 
No. 
109 
67 
37 
5 
P.O. 
13.2 
17.2 
11.9 
4.0 
No. 
40 
33 
7 

P.ct. 
4.9 
8.5 
2.3 

800 
372 
305 
123 
No. 
598 
247 
242 
109 
Pet. 
74.8 
66.4 
79.3 
88.6 
No. 
165 
97 
54 
14 
Pet. 
20.6 
26. 1 
17.7 
11.4 
No. 
37 
28 
9 

P.ct. 
4. (i 
Owner families 
Tenant families 
Cropper families 
7.5 
3.0 
.0 
