4 BULLETIN 1382, U. S. DEPARTMENT Ot AGRICULTURE 
in this region practically quadrupled between 1900 and 1919. Dur- 
ing the same period the average size of farms decreased in the dif- 
ferent counties from 6 to 30 per cent. 
Localities studied in Tennessee are representative of three farm- 
ing regions, including Williamson, Madison, and Montgomery 
Counties. Williamson County is in the southern part of the lime- 
stone bluegrass region of Kentucky and Tennessee. Farming in this 
region is well diversified, with both crop and livestock enterprises 
represented. Land values more than trebled in Williamson County 
from 1900 to 1919. The percentage of all farms operated by tenants, 
about 36 per cent, remained practically stationary throughout the 
two decades 1900 to 1919. 
Madison County is typical of the silt loam uplands of western 
Tennessee. In this section land is generally rolling, well-drained, 
and fairly well adapted to cotton growing. Cotton occupied about 
37 per cent of all crop land in Madison County in 1919. Land rose 
from $7.50 to $41.50 per acre during the two decades 1900 to 1919, a 
more rapid proportionate rise than was experienced by any other 
of the counties represented by the localities studied. Madison County 
with 60 per cent of its farms operated by tenants in 1919, ranked 
second only to the Black Land belt of Texas in this respect. 
Montgomery County is situated in the western part of the High- 
land Rim region of the State, adjoining Kentucky on the north. 
Land in this region is moderately rough. Land values here are 
lower than in any other region studied. In 1919, 23 per cent of all 
crop land in Montgomery county was devoted to tobacco growing. 
At that time almost half the farms in the county were operated by 
tenants. In this county, land values have almost trebled since 1900. 
The Texas localities are all within the famous Black Land belt, 
a farming area of very fertile, dark, calcareous soil. Practically 
all of this belt is prairie. At the close of the Civil War stock 
raising was predominant. Farming now centers around cotton as 
the main money crop, and it occupied about 6 out of each 10 acres 
of crop land in 1919. Practically no livestock, other than work 
stock and animals for home consumption, are kept on the average 
farm at present. 
The farming area represented by the Texas localities is char- 
acterized by rapidly rising land values and a rapid growth of ten- 
ancy since 1880, except for the decade 1910 to 1919. About two- 
thirds of the farms in this section were operated by tenants in 1919. 
The greatest increase in land values occurred during the decade 
ending in 1919. 
COMPOSITION OF FAMILIES AND HOUSEHOLDS 
The term " family " is used arbitrarily to mean a group of per- 
sons who are all supported from a common income. The family 
includes parents and the sons and daughters" who are at home or 
who while away at school or college are supported from the family 
purse. "Household" means all the persons sheltered in one dwell- 
ing and fed usually at a common table. The only exception would 
include a few helpers boarded not at the common table but pro- 
vided for from the family purse. Thus the household may include 
in addition to the family, relatives, hired help, boarders, and others. 
