I. AY LESS GOLDENROD AS A POISONOUS PLANT 19 
Table 3. — Toxic and lethal dosage 
Per cent 
Average 
of animal 
percent- 
weight to 
Time 
age of 
Designation 
Method of feeding 
Part of plant fed 
produce 
illness, 
estimated 
as green 
plant 
fed to 
produce 
illness 
green 
plant fed 
daily to 
produce 
illness 
Result 
Cattle Nos.: 
Per cent 
Days 
Per cent 
851 
With alfalfa hay. .. 
Stems, leaves, and 
flowers. 
do 
9.428 
7 
1.347 
Death. 
853 
do 
8.85 
6 
1.47 
Do. 
854 
. -do 
....do. - 
17 
9.648 
8 
8 
2.125 
1.206 
Do. 
Do. 
856 
do 
do 
855 
do 
do 
46.82 
34 
1.377 
Do. 
892 
do 
do 
9.742 
5 
1.948 
Recovery. 
840 
do 
do 
15.46 
8.5 
1.819 
Do. 
868 
do 
do 
22.46 
11 
2.04 
Death. 
961 
do 
do 
16.06 
11 
1.46 
Do. 
Horses Nos.: 
132 
do 
do 
15.21 
18 
.845 
Do. 
133 
do 
do 
17. 852 
18 
.992 
Sick, partial recovery 
but no record 
OI 
final outcome. 
Sheep Nos.: 
589 
do 
do 
12. 048 
8 
1.50 
Death. 
563 
do 
do 
33.94 
35 
.97 
Recovery. 
576 
do 
do 
36.82 
29 
1.27 
Do. 
373 
do 
do 
25.32 
19 
1.33 
Do. 
701 
. -do-_ 
28 
17 
1.64 
Death. 
678 
With alfalfa hay. - 
do 
17 
34 
.5 
Recovery. 
694 
do 
do 
14.52 
22 
.66 
Do. 
682 
Balling gun 
do 
Leaves.. _______ 
16.83 
8.75 
9 
4 
1.87 
2.19 
Do. 
Do. 
677 
do 
657 
do 
do 
6.25 
1 
6.25 
Do. 
706 
do 
do 
11.25 
18.75 
6 
40 
1.87 
.47 
Death. 
Recovery. 
705 
do 
do 
716 
.do.- 
Stems and leaves.. 
do 
36 
60 
20 
30 
1.8 
2 
Do. 
Do. 
743 
do 
give to produce illness 10.25 pounds, given in 19 days with a daily- 
dosage of 0.54 pound. It would appear that, on the basis of dry 
weight, taking into consideration the number of days fed, there is 
little difference in toxicity between the two sets of collections. 
Fed cases of sheep compared with balling- gun cases. — To some 
of the sheep the plant was given with balling gun, while for others 
it was mixed with hay. The latter, presumably, w T ould consume 
more time in eating a given quantity of plant and it might be ex- 
pected that the toxic result would not appear quite so quickly. A 
comparison of the experiments, however, shows that this was not 
the case. On the average there was very little difference between 
the balling-gun and the fed cases. 
TOXIC DOSE FOR CATTLE 
It will be seen from Table 3 that cattle may be made sick in as 
short a period as five days, this being on a daily dosage of very 
) nearly 2 pounds per 100 pounds of animal. The smallest daily 
feeding which produced poisoning was 1.206 pounds per 100 pounds 
of animal, which made No. 856 sick in eight days. The total quan- 
tity to produce sickness varied from 8.85 pounds per 100 pounds 
of animal in No. 853 to 46.82 pounds per 100 pounds of animal in 
No. 855. 
Averaging all the cases which were made sick, the feeding of 
1.64 pounds daily for 10.93 days produced sickness; or, putting it in 
a general way, if cattle receive iy 2 pounds of the plant daily they 
may be expected to be made sick in about 11 days. 
