10 
BULLETIN 1391, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 
TYPICAL CASE OF STEER NO. 851 
Fig. 3. — Steer No. 851 at beginning of 
experiment 
Steer No. 851 may be considered a fair type of all the cases. This 
was a steer received at the corrals in Roswell, N. Mex., October 19, 
1919. He was a long yearling Hereford, healthy, but not in very 
good flesh, weighing 350 pounds. He received nothing to eat until 
6.34 p. m., October 21, when some 
hay was given. Observations of 
temperature, pulse, and respiration 
were commenced at 6.30 p. m., 
October 21, and continued regu- 
larly twice a day during the course 
of the experiment. 
The feeding of Aplopappus was 
commenced October 22 at 10.30 
a. m. and was continued until 
results were obtained. Figure 3 
shows the animal at the beginning 
of the experiment. The material 
fed consisted of stems, leaves, and 
matured flowers chopped up and mixed with a small quantity of 
alfalfa hay. The animal was given all the Aplopappus he would 
eat and only hay enough to induce him to take the Aplopappus. 
On October 24, 27, and 29 he was exercised by being driven back 
and forth in an inclosure of 15 by 75 feet. On October 24 he was 
kept walking or running for 40 minutes and on October 27 for 
20 minutes. It was noted on October 27 that the animal spent most 
of the time lying down. On the morning of October 28 he stood 
humped up and was stiff when walking. 
On October 29 from 9.45 to 10 a. m. he was exercised in the same 
inclosure as before. He was slow in his movements and there was 
some trembling of the muscles of the shoulders and neck. Respira- 
tion was irregular. At 10.25 the 
animal was down but was helped 
up, and then would move only 
when pushed. He went down 
again and exhibited more pro- 
nounced trembling. The urine was 
colorless and the feces soft. Dur- 
ing the rest of the day he was 
lying down most of the time, and 
when made to get up would im- 
mediately lie down again. Figure 
4, taken at 10.26 a. m., shows the 
" humpecl-up " attitude assumed 
on October 28 and 29. 
October 30 at 7 a. m. the animal was lying down and in the same 
position as at 9.45 the evening before. He got up at 7.45, but lay 
down directly, exhibiting distinct trembling in the shoulders and 
neck. The feces were becoming hard and showed blood and mucus. 
At 4 p. m. he was helped to his feet and stood eating hay for about 
Fig. 4.— Steer No. 851 on October 29. 
showing " humped-up " attitude of 
sick animal 
