30 BULLETIN" 643, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
ceive for shipment consignments of fruit unless they have received 
from the Federal Horticultural Board a permit for such action. 
These permits, which give data on the kind, amount, and origin of 
fruit, the name and address of consignor and consignee, and dates, 
are issued in triplicate ; the duplicate and triplicate remain- in the 
files of the transporting company and the Federal Horticultural 
Board, respectively. The original is attached to the bill of lading 
accompanying the shipment and no consignment of fruit is permitted 
to leave the ship at the port of destination unless this permit is pre- 
sented to the Federal inspector. 
The duty of the inspector at the mainland ports is to make certain 
that no express or freight consignments leave ships arriving from 
Hawaii unaccompanied by the permit above mentioned, and that no 
quarantined fruits or vegetables are present either in the ship's lock- 
ers as ships' stores or in the possession of passengers, for all such are 
contraband after the ship passes within the 3-mile limit of the main- 
land. The inspector of the port of entry also must receive from each 
passenger a statement that he has in his baggage no contraband fruits 
or vegetables. Inspectors also have the right to search the personal 
belongings of passengers and members of the crew. 
There seems little danger of fruit-fly pests reaching ihe mainland 
from Hawaii in commercial consignments of fruit since Quarantine 
No. 13 went into effect. The greatest danger at present lies in the 
careless introduction of the pests by uninformed travelers who, with- 
out appreciating the great financial losses the' Government is attempt- 
ing to avert, persist in concealing about their persons and baggage 
contraband fruits, or in: sending these by express or post in packages 
the contents of which are not stated truthfully. These are the ave- 
nues of introduction that no law can close thoroughly. To close them, 
honesty and cooperation with the Federal Horticultural Board on the 
part of all are necessary. 
SUMMARY. 
The melon fly, a native of the Indo-Malayan region, is one of a 
number of \erj destructive pests that are likely to be introduced into 
the mainland United States. The quarantine officers of the Federal 
Horticultural Board and of California are each year intercepting it 
in infested fruits at California ports on ships from the Hawaiian 
Islands. 
The melon fly was introduced into Hawaii about 1895 by Japanese 
immigrants in fruits which they brought with them as food from 
Japan. Before its arrival in Hawaii, cantaloupes, watermelons, toma- 
toes, and all kinds of cucurbitaceous crops, such as pumpkins, 
squashes, cucumbers, etc., were grown in large quantities and were 
