MARKETING EASTERN GRAPES. 37 
There are few large plantations. In fact, this section is interesting 
from a commercial viewpoint merely as a shipper of Niagaras, for 
nowhere does this variety reach such a high quality as near Lake 
Ontario, and particularly in Niagara County. 
Methods of Sale. 
A large per cent age of the sales by growers in the counties of 
Genesee, Monroe, Orleans, and Wayne are made direct to retailers or 
to city markets in the near-by cities and towns. An important outlet 
is the shipment in less-than-carload lots on consignment to cities 
within the State, as to Buffalo, Rochester, Syracuse, and Rome. Some 
of the sales in these counties are made through local dealers who 
specialize in other fruits and handle grapes only as a side line. 
While there is some carlot shipping by growers, the greater part 
of the commercial distribution is effected by an association formed 
by growers for the marketing of their product. This association also 
handles some grapes in the Central Lakes district. The principal 
outlet for the carlot shipments from this district is in the large cities 
of the East — New York, Boston, and Philadelphia, and also in 
Pittsburgh. 
Insect pests are not particularly troublesome in this section, but 
fungus diseases, especially black rot, to which the Niagara is very 
susceptible, does considerable damage and necessitates careful trim- 
ming in years of infection. 
MICHIGAN. 
Location. 
While the quantity production of Michigan grapes does not equal 
that of New York State, nevertheless, as the shipments of table stock 
are heavier, the distribution more extensive, and the industry local- 
ized in a single section, southwestern Michigan may be regarded as 
the leading grape section of the East. 
While carlot shipments have been made from 10 Michigan counties 
during the last three years, the industry is relatively unimportant 
outside the counties of Van Buren and Berrien, and reaches its 
highest development around the towns of Lawton, Paw Paw, and 
Mattawan in the former county and Benton Harbor and St. Joseph 
in the latter. 
Table 6 shows the loading at the various stations throughout the 
State as reported to the Bureau of Markets by the various originating 
railroads. 
