steko ten as eS 
MARKETING PRACTICES OF CREAMERIES. 13 
buyers of his milk and cream. The exclusive distributing agent of a 
centralizing creamery may receive a salary, a salary and commission 
on sales, or a commission alone. Not infrequently the butter is pur- 
chased on a regular contract basis. Thus the ownership of the goods 
passes, while in the former instances it remains with the creamery. 
The cooperative mar- 
keting associations 
may be selling agents 
of local creameries. A 
brokerage agent usu- 
ally represent a jobber 
or wholesaler in buy- 
ing butter from a cen- 
tralizing creamery or 
wholesale dealer. 
Cold-storage firms do 
not usually buy or sell 
butter, although they 
frequently make loans 
on goods put in their 
storages. 
COST OF MARKET DISTRI- 
BUTION OF CREAMERY 
BUTTER. 
As creamery butter 
in passing from pro- 
ducer to consumer may 
be handled through 
different channels of 
trade, the average 
margin or approxi- 
mate cost in one chan- 
nel may not represent 
the cost in any other. 
The following in 
general was found to 

| AVILA OP? CXL ALF 
PYPROODUY CLFO 
WE, 
ASSOCLATION 
~ 
X 
(EXCLUSIVE, 
LUSTAUBU TIM: 
AGENCY 
PETULELPS ANNO LAUPGE CELIPS,, AS GOLLY STORES, 
ODUV STOPES, PUBLIC PIALPAET 5, VLAGAV PETA EPPS,; 
CONSOPFEPRS PUP OVPSA EG APRANSZATV OVS 5 7A OF ELS y 
COVES, AE STAMPAVIS, COPD SSAIMES, AO FEDEPAL, 
STAVE AND (TUNICIAAL INSTITUTIONS. 
CONSUTEY? 
Fia. 4.—Channels of distribution of creamery butter from 
producer to consumer. The most usual channels are 
indicated by the heavy lines. The rectangles denote a 
change of ownership of goods and the circles an inter- 
vening agency between seller and buyer—usually a 
cooperative organization representing the seller. 
-be approximately the usual margin on tub butter when it passed 
direct from wholesale receiver to jobber, from jobber to retailer, and 
then from retailer to consumer. 
Cents. 
NeOleswle~se SrOSSieMALoTN Has ene 4 
MOOV ETS ARO SS anil eo Mes poser aad Meru nei Sie ey 14 
ee eT AG OT OS Sim aM dls Sine male eee aie ae oe Sa See 4 
