12 BULLETIN 1252, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
An application of dust or spray three to five weeks before harvest 
time can be recommended as an insurance fully justified by average 
conditions. The advisability of spray applications just before the 
blossoms open, just after the petals have fallen, and just after the 
husks are shed may vary with the orchard and the season, but the 
applications are timely in all cases where brown-rot is likely to 
become a menace. 
The effectiveness of any spray material depends very largely on 
the thoroughness of the application, the fineness of the spray, and 
the manner in which it covers and adheres. ‘The smooth waxy skin 
of the prune renders it practically impossible to cover effectively 
and protect the fruit with any lcuid material without the addition 
of a spreader. 
Various spreaders have been tested for use on prunes, and of these 
the rosin-fishoil soap and casein have proved most satisfactory. The 
rosin-fishoil soap causes considerable foaming in the tank, hence is 
somewhat objectionable, while it likewise is more troublesome to 
prepare and more expensive than the casein. For methods of pre- 
Eat: paring spreaders, see 
SESE pe ORCHALD peecenteeaBetN -koT = Pages 19-20. 
AT HOGEST TREATMENT AFTER HOALINE AW? SLUPPEINE Both lme-sulphur 
oi 8 oa SEE, : 
45 10 5 O O $ @ 4 2 2530 and Bordeaux mix- 
SELF BOILED ture caused more or 
(= -SULPHUR less spray injury, 
LO-BENE particularly the for- 
he DUST mer. The Bordeaux 
UNTREATED injury was always 
associated with rainy 
Fic. 8.—Comparative results from spraying and dusting in weather : following 
pt pasts rb ts rade enhances © the spraying, while 
| the lime-sulphur in- 
jury was associated with hot weather. Because of the possibility of 
serious spray injury, lime-sulphur is not recommended for use on 
prunes, and self-boiled lime-sulphur 8-8-50 is to be preferred to Bor- 
deaux mixture. For the method of preparing sprays, see page 17. 
SPRAYING EXPERIMENTS ON CHERRIES. 
The cherry-spraying experiments were made in the orchards of L. 
T. Reynolds, at Salem, Oreg., on the Napoleon (Royal Ann), Black 
Republican, and Lambert, all sweet varieties. Various standard 
spray materials were used on the different orchard plats, including 
9-450 Bordeaux mixture plus 2 pounds of rosin-fishoil soap, 8-8—50 
self-boiled lime-sulphur plus 2 pounds of rosin-fishoil soap, and com- 
mercial lime-sulphur diluted 1 to 50. 
SPRAYING EXPERIMENTS IN 1915. 
In 1915, spray applications were made on May 7 and 8 and 
June 1. None of the spray materials caused injury. There was 
practically no brown-rot evident at picking time. The Napoleon 
cherries were picked June 17 and the Black Republican June 24, 
Ten-pound boxes of cherries from the various plats were saved for 
shipping and holding tests, as shown in Figure 9. 
