16 BULLETIN 1028, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE. 
Xotes made at another place state : 
Apanteles exceedingly common. Estimate 75 per cent control on average and 
higher in some places. Estimate 10,000 cocoons on one large tree. 
To illustrate the abundance of cocoons, those present on an area 
the size of a man's hand were counted and the number found was 
187. Mr. Fiske states that there were more over a similar area high 
up on the tree. The same day he visited another place and found 
conditions similar. 
SECONDARY PARASITISM IN SICILY. 
Apparently the first-generation cocoons are not attacked seriously 
by secondaries, probably less than 10 per cent being killed. Second- 
ar}^ parasitism of the hibernating cocoons is very heavy, and one note 
was found referring to a location where it was feared that it would 
almost exterminate the parasite. Sometimes as high as 75 per cent 
of the cocoons from Sicily received at the laboratory and wintered 
were killed by secondaries. 
COLONIZATION IN NEW ENGLAND. 
During the rush of the season's work it was supposed that two or 
three species of Apanteles were represented and the importation and 
colonizations were recorded in correspondence and in the notes as 
A. solitaries and Apanteles II and III. The confusion was not at 
all surprising for there were two and possibly three species repre- 
sented, but the fact of the matter, as it appears at the present time, 
is that the adults liberated during June, 1911, at North Saugus, Mass.. 
from cocoons imported from Sicily as A. solitaries, were adults of 
the first generation of A. melanoscelus; and that the cocoons received 
later in the summers of 1911 and 1912, which were hibernated at the 
laboratory, and the adults from which were liberated at Melrose 
during the springs of 1912 and 1913, were cocoons of the second 
generation of A. melanoscelus. 
During June, 1911, about 125,000 cocoons of the first generation 
were received from Europe, and every precaution was taken to pre- 
vent the escape of any secondaries which might be present. As soon 
as they were received at the laboratory they were taken to Xorth 
Saugus. Mass.. and immediately placed in darkened containers from 
which nothing could escape except by entering glass tubes, where 
they were inspected, the good allowed to escape and the bad de- 
stroyed. In this manner 23,000 adults were liberated during June 
and July. 1911. During the months of July and August, 1911, 
nearly 17,000 liberating cocoons were received. These were iso- 
lated at the Melrose Highlands laboratory, each one being placed in 
a small gelatin capsule and then wintered under outdoor conditions. 
