4 BULLETIN 1385, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 
pastures are usually large and surrounded by fences. Cows, sheep, 
hogs, and other farm animals can wander within their respective 
inclosures without fear of trespass on growing crops, but poultry 
Fig. 2. — Farm home in central Italy as seen from the fields. These buildings house 
20 families with their livestock and implements 
often wanders imconfined where it will. The number of head of 
poultry kept is determined largely by the interest of the farmer 
in poultry, cheapness of the feeding stuffs consumed, or the market 
quotations of the poultry and eggs produced. Our poultry popula- 
FlG. 3. — Courtyard of farm home shown in Figure 2. In ground floors of buildings are 
stalls for' horses, cows, pigs, and chickens. Wagonload of manure at right 
tion could be increased two, three, or more times without sensibly 
affecting the relationships of poultry to other farm animals or other 
farm activities. These conditions obtain, although to a much less 
