MARKETING HAY THROUGH TERMINAL MARKETS. 5 
uniformly generally sells at a premium over hay from a shipper whose 
loading methods are unknown to the buyer. Hay loaded carelessly 
into a ear invariably brings less money in an open market than that 
loaded in an orderly and systematic way. Uniform loading as under- 
stood by the trade in the various markets is the loading of an entire 
car, or designated part of a car, with hay of the same character or 
quality in a systematic manner. 
Methods. 
The proper method of loading when the bales are of the sizes 
designated as quarter or third bales, i. e., bales ranging from 14 by 16 
inches to IT or 18 inches by 22 inches, is in tiers of 16 to 25 bales each, 
beginning at each end of the car and tiering toward the doorway. 
Figure 1 illustrates the method of loading in tiers. Four or five 
tiers can usually be loaded in each end of a car up to the doorway. 
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Fig. I. — Proper method of loading cars to utilize all the space: (a) Bales 171 by 
22 inches, 16 hales per tier ; (6) bales 14 by 18 inches, 25 hales per tier. 
Two tiers can usually be loaded in the doorway and if the bales are 
not too long should be loaded so that the ends of the balfcs are exposed 
to view. It also adds to the appearance of the car if any uneven- 
ness in the length of the bales in the doorway is allowed for on the 
back of the tiers. This keeps the longer bales from projecting into 
the doorway and interfering with the closing of the door. 
The large box-press bales weighing from 175 to 225 pounds must 
be loaded differently. In most cars such bales seem to load best by 
placing two together end to end across the car and flat upon the floor, 
then placing two more on top of them and continuing in this manner 
until the tier is full, always beginning at the end of the car. Eight 
bales can be loaded in each tier in most cars. Tiers are then added 
until the car is filled. When; because of the space consumed by the 
lining in a car, two bales will not fit into the car end to end, four 
bales are set on end, flat sides together, then four more on top of 
