56 BULLETIN 1282, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 
much curved. Dorsal edge much shorter and curved less than ventral. Base 
plump, frequently corrugated, very much dorsally sloping; stem cavity shallow 
(sz to sz inch deep). Apex rather thin, bluntly obtuse, with small sharp 
tip ; rudiment rather large and very pubescent. 
Hull: Outer surface of hull green. changing to yellowish; pubescence abun- 
dant, long, fine, gray, silky. Dehisces on ventral edge only. Short cracks fre- 
quently appear at base. Base end of ventral edges of halves roll outward 
as a rule, the rest of the edges curving inward. The halves sometimes curl 
unequally. Ripens late. 
Hulled nut—(Pl. V, CC.) Size variable, tends to run rather small (1 by = 
by 3 to 13 by 1 by ? inches; average, 14 by ~ by 2 inches). Number to the 
pound, 120 to 140. Percentage of kernel to nut in hand-cracked samples, 35. 
Shape: Plump. very wide oval; part on ventral side -of axis wide-cordate. 
Both ventral and dorsal edges much curved, dorsal edge curved less than ven- 
tral. Dorsal ridge medium in width, prominent. Ventral flange wide. promi- 
nence slight to medium. Base plump, very broad; dorsal shoulder slightly 
sloping, not prominent: ventral shoulder rounding, elevated above stem scar, 
frequently slightly depressed on upper surface; stem scar large, wide, oval. 
Base and stem scar sharply dorsally sloping. Apex broadly rounding or 
widely pointed. 5 
Shell: Hard: outer surface medium to light brown. Outer shell thick, 
hard, flinty, smooth outer surface. Pits medium to numerous, small, round, 
generally shallow, are present on sides and dorsal edge right up to dorsal ridge, 
but are not present on the ventral edge for a distance of % to 4 inch on each 
side of wing. The ventral edge is remarkably smooth near the wing. Canals 
rather numerous, quite small, commonly nearly round. Fibers small. Inner 
shell medium thick, very hard. Inner surface medium brown and smooth. 
Ventral streak dark brown, short, very wide, base end bluntly acute. 
Ixernel: Very many doubles (75 per cent). Single kernels small to quite large 
(average, 1 by 3 by % inches); plump, ovate. Both dorsal and ventral edges 
slightly curved. Base quite wide, medium plump, gently rounded. Apex 
broadly and suddenly tapering. Pellicle light brown, covered with short coarse 
pubescence; veins distinct or indistinct; pellicle fold small, on lower one-third 
of ventral edge; base scar medium size, medium dark brown, quite prominent, 
round. Flavor slightly sweet, flat, dry. inferior. 
Distinguishing characteristics —The plump, very wide oval, hard-shelled nut, 
with distinctly dorsally sloping base and large preponderance of double kernels, 
is easy to distinguish from all others. 
COMMENTS 
This inferior nut, with its hard shell, large proportion of double kernels, 
small percentage of kernel, and rather inferior flavor, should be eliminated 
as rapidly as possible from the commercial crop. The recent removal of some 
trees and top-working of others to more desirable varieties have greatly re- 
duced the quantity of this variety which comes into the market. 
27. GARWOOD 

Origin.—A seedling variety originated in the orchard of W. S. Garwood, 
Oakley, Calif.. 1907. Grown in the Oakley district. 
Description 
TREE 
Upright but rather open and spreading at the top. Trunk rather stocky, 
Straight; bark rough, exfoliating in small flakes. 
Main branches.—Medium long, rather stocky: tend to grow upright. Branch- 
ing angle sharply acute. Wood medium brittle. Tendency to produce many 
small twigs. Bark smooth, dark cherry red with patches of gray epidermis, 
much gray epidermis on young wood. 
Twigs.—Straight. Nodes medium in size; internodes rather short; branch- 
ing angle acute. Wood brittle. Bark tough, dark green, reddish patches in 
autumn. 
Lenticels—Very numerous, running together in patches. Size variable (bark 
8 to 10 vears old, ss by } to # by 3} inch). Slightly raised, gray, oval; acute 
ends with apexes acuminate. 

