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70 BULLETIN 1282, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 
Lenticels. Numerous ; medium to rather small in size (on bark 8 to 10 
years old, sz by we to $s by + inch), grayish brown, raised, short and wide, 
elliptical, with blunt ends. Lenticels on young bark, medium size, wide oval, 
raised, gray; frequently obscured by gray epidermis. 
Foliage—Top of tree rather open. Leaves on individual branches medium 
in number, large, flat. 
Blade: Large, width varies (? by 22 to 12 by 5+ inches; average, 14 by 3? 
inches; ratio of width to length, about 2:7). Shape wide ovate. Base bluntly 
round, sometimes bluntly acute; origin of margins generally symmetrical. Apex 
bluntly acute and tapering. Margins frequently curving inward at apex; 
coarsely crenate. Main rib large, prominent, very light in color. Veins dis- 
tinct and usually elevated on lower surface. Color of upper surface smooth, 
glossy, light green; lower surface dull light green, of nearly the same color as 
the upper. 
Petiole: Short to medium (average, ~ inch). Ratio of length of petiole to 
length of blade, about 1:4; stocky; flexible; lower surface light green; upper 
surface dark green, occasionally tinged with red in autumn. Groove deep and 
narrow. Glands generally two, sometimes three; medium size, globular, dark 
brown, on petiole near base of blade; occasionally one basal crenation is glan- 
dular. 
Bearing habit—Rather light bearer. Nuts in clusters on spurs mostly on 
wood 2 ras 3 years old; a considerable number also borne on laterals. Spurs 
long (4 03 inch) ; ; diameter large (% to + inch) ; expand gradually to wide 
oval ne (7s by + inch). Buds moderately free, very long, large, tapering, 
sharp nOinicel compressed laterally; scales dark yellowish brown, thin, tough, 
rather large, with a very small amount of fine, short pubescence on edges. 
NUT 
Immature nut.—Size medium to rather large (1? by 12 by 1 inches). Shape 
ovate, axis close to middle. Edgewise view ovate, frequently with cuneiform 
apex. Ventral edge usually curves most along base half; ridge + inch wide 
and 7s inch high; parallel grooves each side of ridge. Suture depression usually 
snellonr slightly depressed at apex. Base slightly grooved, broad, round, at 
right angles to axis; small cavity gs; inch deep, + inch wide. Apex broad, 
round, or very bluntly cuneiform; style drops early; rudiment small. Outer 
surface of hull green, with bumps and depressions; pubescence very abundant, 
very coarse, medium long, gray, felty. 
Hull: Dehisces along both ventral and dorsal edges as a rule, but many 
dehisce on ventral edge only. Frequently hull cracks crosswise on apex. 
Many sticktights. Ripens August 25 to September 20. 
Hulled nut—(Pl1. VII, B.)—Size medium (average, 14 by 1 by F inches). 
Number to the pound, 140 to 200. Percentage of kernel to nut in hand-cracked 
samples, 50. 
Shape: Medium plump, wide ovate; axis one-third of way from dorsal to 
ventral edge. Ventral edge much curved; flange of medium width, not promi- 
nent to medium prominent. Dorsal edge much curved, but not so much as 
ventral edge, curved most near apex; ventral ridge medium prominent, medium 
wide. Base rather plump, wide; dorsal shoulder sharply rounded, gently slop- 
ing; ventral shoulder rounded sharply; stem scar large, wide oval, dorsally 
sloping, or at right angles to axis. Apex blunt, rounded, or very bluntly pointed. 
Shell: Soft; outer shell medium thick, very spongy and crumbly. Outer sur- 
face light grayish brown. Pits numerous, small, mostly round, varying in depth. 
Short oblique grooves on ventral edge. Canals small, numerous, oval. Inner 
shell thin, hard; inner surface light brown, undulating. Ventral streak dark 
brown, medium in length and width, base half tapering, base end sharply 
rounded or acute. 
Kernel: Medium size to quite large (average, 1 by 4 by ws inch). Many 
doubles (50 per cent). Shape ovate. Dorsal and ventral edges very gently 
curved except at base and apex. Base round. Ventral and dorsal shoulders 
plump and round. Apex wide, plump, blunt. Pellicle light brown, thin, quite 
tender; pubescence short; veins fine and distinct; pellicle fold very small on 
apex half of ventral edge; base scar small, dark brown, usually round. Flavor 
pleasantly sweet, but rather dry. 
Distinguishing characteristics —The shape of this nut places it in a group 
with the Batham, I. X. L., Smith, and Trembath. Its distinguishing points 
