94 BULLETIN 1282, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 
Foliage.—Rather dense. Leaves numerous on individual branches, rather 
large; flat, or slightly recurved at tip. 
Blade: Average size slightly above medium (1 by 8 inches, varies from ¢ by 
Z to 14 by 33 inches; ratio of width to length, about 1:3). Shape ovate, some 
ovate-elliptical. Base very obtuse; origin of sides symmetrical or nearly so. 
Apex acute to bluntly acute; apex half to two-thirds of blade tapering, making 
shape somewhat similar to I. X. L. Margin much curved at base, gently curved 
or straight on sides; crenations deep, short; bristle short. Upper surface. 
smooth, rich dark green. Lower surface light green. 
Petiole: Varies in length (average about medium for size of blade, $ inch; 
ratio of length of petiole to length of blade, about 2:7); large in diameter, 
rigid, pale green, tinged with red in fall, groove narrow, deep. Glands two 
to four, usually two, small, globular, yellowish. 
Bearing habit.—On spurs, mostly on wood 1 to 8 years old. Some nuts borne 
on laterals. Spurs large in diameter (27% to + inch) and medium in length (4 
inch). Disk wide oval, + by vs inch. Buds free, slightly flattened, rather 
short, slightly constricted at base, apex blunt; scales wide, thick, brown, with 
grayish pubescence on edges. 
NUT 
Immature nut.—Medium in size (average, 18 by 14 by 1 inches). Shape 
long ovate, more like Nonpareil than like I. X. L. Ventral edge much curved, 
sinkish brown before dehiscence, ventral ridge none or very slight. Suture 
line narrow (s2 inch), quite shallow (¢¢ inch). Dorsal edge gently curved. 
Base at right angles to axis; ventral shoulder round; dorsal shoulder lacks 
prominence; cavity sz inch deep. Apex bluntly pointed; style falls early; 
rudiment small. Outer surface of hull bright green, turning yellowish and 
finally brownish or reddish brown; pubescence abundant, short, fine, gray, 
felty. 
Hull: Inner surface turns yellowish and finally dark brown after dehiscing 
for a time; dehisces along ventral edge; dorsal edge frequently cracks at base 
slightly; ventral edge curls outward in middle, the apex curling slightly in- 
ward. Ripens August 1 to 21. 
Hulled nut.—(Pl. X, C.) Size somewhat variable, medium to quite large 
(average, 14 by 1 by 2 inches) ; slightly smaller than I. X. L. Some gummy 
nuts. Number of nuts to the pound, 200 to 250. Percentage of kernel to nut 
in hand-cracked samples, 40. 
Shape: Ovate; rather flat to slightly plump, like the I. X. L., but not so 
wide in proportion to length. Axis near middle. Ventral edge curves regu- 
larly, closely resembling the I. X. L. in this respect. Wing varies, but is usually 
prominent and thin, edge clear cut and regular in curve, ending in a point at the 
apex similar to I. X. L., except curve is more gradual near apex. Dorsal edge 
gently curved, sharply curving in at apex. As a rule the dorsal ridge is not quite 
so prominent as in the I. X. L., but resembles it otherwise; dorsal suture line 
usually visible. Base resembles I. X. L., at right angles to axis, or frequently 
sloping ventrally; thin at stem scar; stem scar rather small and narrow, simi- 
lar to the I. X. L.; very slightly depressed; dorsal shoulder sometimes a little 
above stem scar and rather square. Ventral shoulder sloping or curved gradu- 
ally. Apex rather plump until immediate tip is reached, when it becomes thin 
and ends in a thin prominent point in conjunction with the wing. The apex is 
slightly more acute in the I. X. L. and is scimitarlike. 
Shell: Soft; usually rather dark brown. Pits rather small, numerous, and 
deep, mostly round, smaller than in I. X. L. Surface between deep pits coarsely 
stippled, more so than in I. X. L. and firmer in texture. Deep narrow grooves 
at base. Very short, wide oblique grooves on ventral edge, run off at obtuse angle 
at apex. Outer shell soft and crumbly. Canals large, but fibers rather small. 
Inner shell thin. Inner surface light brown, slightly undulated, undulations 
running longitudinally. Ventral streak long, medium width, acutely rounding 
at base (not nearly so sharp as in the I. X. L.) ; light brown, but darker than 
inner surface. Two narrow ridges run along the ventral streak similar to the 
I. X. L., but they are more prominent in the Long I. X. L. 
Kernel: Very few doubles. Smaller than I. X. L. and longer, but resembles it 
much. Size medium (1 by # by } inch). Shape flat, and wrinkles much upon 
drying. Dorsal edge gently curving and not quite so thin as in I. X. L. 
Ventral edge more curving than dorsal. Base rounding as a rule; ventral 
shoulder usually round, and thicker than in I, X. L. Apex quite obtuse, does 

