
128 BULLETIN 1282, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 
NUT 
Immature nut—Size quite large (13 by 14 by 1% inches). Shape wide 
ovate, plump. (Edgewise view ovate with plump base.) Ventral edge much 
curved. prominently ridged, especially near apex (ridge + to + inch wide, is 
to 4 inch high) ; ventral suture depression 7s inch wide and zs inch deep, 
usually extending one-fourth of way up dorsal side at apex. Dorsal edge con- 
siderably curved, tendency to have ridge, especially along apex half. Base ~ 
plump, dorsally sloping, grooved, and scalloped, cavity + to 2 inch wide, ss to 
ys inch deep. Apex rather thin, bluntly round, but slightly tapering and 
slightly depressed; style remains late; rudiment small. 
Hull: Outer surface green; turning yellowish and finally reddish brown; 
pubescence very abundant, short, gray, felty. Inner surface light colored 
when dehiscence starts, turning later to dark reddish brown. Dehisces along 
ventral edge and usually a short distance on base end of dorsal edge; ventral 
edges spread open near middle and curl inward; halves of the hull remain 
attached to each other near apex. Ripens last of August and first of Sep- 
tember. 
Hulled nut—(Pl. XIV, D.) Size medium to quite large (average, 12 by 
13 by ~ inches). Number of nuts to the pound, 120 to 170. Percentage of 
kernel to nut in hand-cracked samples, 37. 
Shape: Wide ovate, very wide in proportion to length; part on ventral side 
of axis distinctly cordate; part on dorsal side long ovate. (Viewed edgewise, 
ovate; fairly plump at base, tapering from near base to apex; sides at apex 
either bulging or straight, giving apex a cuneiform appearance.) Ventral edge 
ridged, much curved; flange medium thick, very prominent; wing thin, exceed- 
ingly prominent entire length of ventral edge, generally most prominent one- 
third way from apex to base. Wide depression along ventral edge to one side 
of the ventral flange with accompanying ridge common. Dorsal edge gently 
curved, curved most near apex. Base plump, broad, much sloping dorsally; 
dorsal shoulder slopes very abruptly from stem scar; ventral shoulder round 
and elevated above stem scar. Stem scar long, narrow, oval, depressed. 
Apex wide, blunt, but wing ends in sharp point; usually somewhat cuneiform 
when viewed edgewise; extreme apex thin. 
Shell: Light yellowish brown; varies somewhat in texture; on the border 
line between soft and hard; outer shell quite thick and either hard and bony 
or somewhat porous and crumbly. Pits medium to numerous in number, 
medium size, round, and present on dorsal edge as well as on sides; very 
few pits at base. Short, narrow grooves near base and frequently on sides, 
especially near apex; short oblique grooves on ventral edge each side of 
wing and on ventral flange. Canals few in number, large, oval. Fibers large. 
Network coarse. Inner shell quite thick and hard. Inner surface light brown, 
but darker than outer surface; smooth or undulating. Ventral streak brown, 
long, wide, with acuminate apex; base usually tapering from middle to base 
end. 
Kernel: Few doubles (3 per cent). Size medium to rather large (average, 
1 by & by ws inch). Usually plump. Ovate, generally tapering somewhat from 
base, giving apex a cuneiform appearance, but varies in this respect. Ventral 
edge more curved than dorsal and about same length. Base rather wide and 
sloping dorsally; dorsal shoulder round, wide, sloping; ventral shoulder round, 
higher than dorsal and much more plump. Apex thin, variable in width; 
pellicle dark reddish or yellowish brown; tough; pubescence abundant; pellicle 
fold heavy and thick, usually running from apex to middle of ventral edge. 
Base scar very large, nearly round, and covered with pubescence. Flavor 
slightly sweet. Fair only. 
Distinguishing characteristics —Nut easily distinguished from other varieties 
of similar size by the cordate-oval shape, very prominent flange, and wing; base 
much sloping dorsally; wide blunt apex and long cuneiform very pubescent 
kernel. Resembles in shape the Garwood, Bidwell, and Washington. It is 
easily distinguished from the first two by its thinner flange, while the Wash- 
ington is more rectangular in shape with a much more truncate apex. 
COMMENTS 
The shell is too hard and the proportion of kernel to nut is too small to make 
this variety desirable. The flavor is fair only. Neither the kernel nor the nut 
is attractive in appearance. The variety enters the market as a cheap nut. In 
