134 BULLETIN 1282, U. S. DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE 
Kernel: Few doubles (1 per cent). Fills shell cavity fairly well. Rather 
small but variable (average § by 3 by 7 inch). Inclined to be plump at base, 
wrinkles upon drying. Ovoid. Tapers from base downward. Dorsal edge 
plump, slightly longer than ventral. Both dorsal and ventral edges slightly 
curved. Dorsal shoulder sloping; ventral rounding. Apex varies in thickness, 
cuneiform. Pellicle rather tough, dark brown, with moderate amount of coarse 
pubescence; base scar very large, oval, dark brown; pellicle fold small and 
rather short. 
Distinguishing characteristics —The following combination of characteristics . 
should be noted as of special use in distinguishing this variety from others: 
Base dorsally sloping; pronounced thin wing, especially near apex; round, thin, 
tapering apex: shell soft; very long and rather narrow dark-brown ventral 
streak with long pointed apex; Kernel ovoid with cuneiform apex, pellicle dark 
brown and heavily pubescent. 
COMMENTS ~ 
The variation in shell and kernel, heavy pubescence of kernel, and the ten- 
dency of the nut to run to small sizes and to vary in size are serious dis- 
advantages. Although much better than some of the poorer varieties, it is on 
the whole quite inferior to the better varieties and should not be planted 
extensively. 
75. WASHINGTON 
Origin.—Grown at one time in southern Utah. A small, plump, hard-shell 
nut of little merit. 
Description 
Hulled nut.—Size small to medium (average, 14 by 1 by 1% inches). 
Shape: On ventral side of axis wide cordate; on dorsal side long elliptical 
(viewed edgewise, wide ovate). Ventral edge much curved; ventral flange and 
wing very thick and prominent; usually wing has two very deep grooves 
parallel with it on each side which frequently are so deep that ridge appears 
to be made up of three flanges, the middle and highest one being the wing. 
Dorsal edge slightly curved, edge rather wide and pronounced. Base very 
much dorsally sloping and plump, stem scar medium to large, oval. Apex 
plump, very blunt and round. 
Shell: Very hard, yellowish brown in color. Pits numerous, varying in size, 
deep. } 
Kernel: Size medium (average, % by 2 by #s inch). Many doubles; shape 
short, wide, somewhat flat; base broad and round: ventral shoulder sharply 
rounding; dorsal shoulders slightly sloping. Pellicle dark brown: pubescence 
abundant, moderately long, coarse. 
Distinguishing characteristics —Very hard shell, with numerous deep pits 
varying in size. Base sloping dorsally very much. Apex very broad and round. 
Nut nearly as wide as long. Ventral ridge very heavy and prominent except 
at apex. Two deep grooves frequently divide the ridge into three flanges 
running the entire length of ventral edge, the most prominent one being the 
wine. 
Note.—This nut somewhat resembles in shape the Bidwell, Garwood, and 
Tarragona. The Washington nut, however, is much smaller, more rectangular, 
and with the apex more truncate than in any of these varieties. 
76. WHITE FLAT (BIG WHITE FLAT) 
Origin.—Uncertain. At the present time the variety is grown only to a very 
limited extent. Trees of the White lat are found in several orchards in the 
Davis and Winters district. The aut resembles the Ne Plus Ultra. 
Description 
TREE 
Rather a slower grower, spreading (ratio of height of head to width, 1:14). 
Trunk slow grower; bark medium rough, cracks close together, exfoliates in 
medium thick flakes. 
Main branches.—Medium in length and stockiness. Branching angle wide. 
Wood brittle. Bark rough and cracked on old branches, dark brown, light 
: 
N 
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