46 
Fig. 27. — Distributing hydrant elliptical in form. 
Large elliptical, 
semicircular, or oval 
stands are used where 
an extra number of 
valves are to be con- 
nected to one hydrant 
These special forms 
(figs. 27 and 28) 
are also used in sandy 
soil, where it is de- 
sirable to space the 
spouts as far apart as 
possible. If several outlets are set in a small diameter pipe, water 
will wash the furrows together where they connect at the hydrant, 
Where the larger sized hydrants are used it is a good plan to set them 
against a curb or fence, otherwise they will be an obstruction to 
cultivation if placed in the ordinary manner. These large hydrants 
are sometimes used where the smaller type would answer as well, but 
they have their use especially in walnut orchards where a large num- 
ber of furrows are required between tree rows. The oval type set with 
the long axis parallel to the tree rows presents the least obstruction to 
cultivation where the stands can not be placed against a fence or 
curb. There are orchard hydrants which are covered over the top, 
with no valve connecting stand to the underground lateral, the 
amount of water delivered to each furrow being regulated by means 
of small galvanized gates that are attached to spouts set through 
the sides of the stand. 
This type is practicable 
where heads are low. 
but where pressure is 
in excess of a few feet 
the valves are difficult 
to make water-tight. 
Leaves and trash also 
tend to clog this type 
of hydrant. 
In some cases where 
it is not desirable to 
place a number of 
stands', the hydrants 
are placed a consid- 
erable distance apart. 
and portable pipes 
fitted with outlet 
Valves are Connected fig. 2S. — Another type of distributing hydrant 
