FARM OWNERSHIP AND TENANCY IN TEXAS. 
47 
On the other hand, small grain was grown in the largest proportions 
to all crops by the best accumulators and in the smallest proportions 
by the poorest accumulators, in each of the three classes of tenure. 
On farms where cotton is a large proportion of all crops there are 
seasons when practically the whole labor force and all equipment are 
idle. These same periods are usually times when teams, tools, and 
men can be employed profitably in small grain fields, and it is this use 
on the mixed grain and cotton farm of (what on the cotton farm 
would be) idle labor and equipment, that helps to swell the profits 
on the mixed grain and cotton farm. Furthermore, when several 
years of operation are considered, the risks from agriculture are 
much more uniformly distributed and probably made less by the 
mixed grain and cotton type, as against the one-crop type of agri- 
culture. 
It will also be noted that the greatest number of animal units other 
than work stock, the greatest number of poultry, and the greatest 
value of garden, fruit, poultry, and dairy products used for family 
and furnished by the farm are associated, without exception, with 
the best accumulators in all the tenure classes. On the other hand, 
in every case (except two) the smallest amounts of the items above 
mentioned are associated with the poorest accumulators in each tenure 
class. 
Table 27. — Relation between the diversification of farm enterprises and classes 
of accumulators. 
Items of correlation. 
2.6 
1.5 
Number of operators 21 
Per cent of all crop land 
planted to cotton 
Per cent of all crop land 
planted to small grain 1. 
Average number of animal 
units other than work 
stock* 1.1 
Average number of poultry 
per farm 18 
Average value in dollars 
received from farm for 
family living from garden, 
fruit, poultry, and dairy 
products 135 
Average value in dollars of 
groceries bought 355 
Average value in dollars of i 
clothing bought i 155 | 182 
Per cent of all operators who 
who reported sickness in 
family during 1919 42.9 25.0 
Per cent of all operators in | 
class that used short time 
creditinl919 ' 81 ! 100 
Croppers. 
Poorest. 
Me- 
dium. 
19 
205 
329 
Best. 
3.0 
43 
269 
278 
274 
19.1 
77 
Tenants. 
Poorest, 
65 
72.1 
11.7 
2.3 
50 
314 
279 
255 
25.8 
94 
Me- 
dium. 
Best. 
62 
16.1 
281 
22.4 
64 
64.2 
19.0 
375 
317 
260 i 293 
18.3 
72 
Owners. 
Poorest, 
39 
59.5 
20.5 
4.5 
67 
322 
26.3 
82 
Me- 
dium. 
31 
65.8 
18.6 
1. 5 
64 
457 
292 
330 
Best. 
38 
56.4 
22.2 
7.0 
77 
493 
296 
423 
27.0 
53 
1 "Animal unit" as used here is the equivalent of one horse, one cow, or 7 hogs or sheep, 
included. 
Poultry is not 
