FARM OWNERSHIP AND TENANCY IN TEXAS. 
45 
ciency and capacity of the operators, but is also partly clue to the 
superior wealth saving and using ability of the best accumulators. 
In agriculture, development of ability and advance in one's voca- 
tion is more largely dependent on the amount of personally accumu- 
lated wealth than in many other vocations. The farmer must have 
capital, and this is usually owned, borrowed, and rented, or is owned 
and borrowed. The amount the farmer can borrow depends to a con- 
siderable extent on his wealth, much of which is, as a rule, secured 
from accumulations from earnings. But wage hands, skilled me- 
chanics, professional men, and men employed in numerous corporate 
industries can, and frequently do, rise in their vocations, whether 
they save from their earnings or not. Saving from earnings for the 
farmer is, therefore, not only one of the most important factors in 
accumulation of wealth, but it is also a means to the expans'on of his 
business and to the fuller development and employment of his ability 
as an operator. 
Table 25. — Relation ~beticeen different classes of accumulators of wealth and 
the size of the farm business in 1919, and average size of farm operated under 
the different tenure stages of the operator's history. 
Items of correlation. 
Croppers. 
Tenants. 
Poorest 
21 
Number of operators 
Average value of land and 
buildings operated in 1919. 
Averaee value of equipment 
used in 1919 
Average acres in crops in 1919. 
Average number of work 
stock per operator in 1919. . 
Average acres operated when 
a cropper l 
Average acres operated when 
a share tenant ' | 66. 5 
Average acres operated when i 
an owner i ! 102.0 
Me- 
dium. 
$6, 805 
$596 
. 1.9 
.1 42.4 
19 
$7,1.58 
$774 
45.8 
2.7 
47.8 
50.2 
Best. Poorest 
22 
$15, 399 
$1,173 
79.9 
2.8 
75.1 
67.4 
55.5 
65 
$13,657 
$1,261 
85.9 
3.7 
45.3 
78.8 
94.7 
Me- 
dium. 
62 
$15, 332 
$1,567 
88.0 
3.9 
59.9 
85.9 
83.0 
Best. 
64 
$19,028 
$2, 014 
106.9 
4.8 
52.4 
100.0 
87.5 
Owners. 
Poorest. 
39 
$14, 571 
$1,452 
81.1 
3.9 
58.5 
73.9 
100.1 
Me- 
dium. 
31 
$18, 891 
$2, 101 
107.2 
4.5 
30.8 
78.3 
116.1 
Best. 
38 
$26, 248 
$2,344 
136.7 
6.1 
102.9 
89.9 
168.1 
i The number of operators in these three lines varies from the number given at the top of the tables 
in most cases the number beine: less. 
RELATION BETWEEN THE OPERATOR S DEGREE OF APPLICATION IN OPERATING HIS 
FARM AND HIS ACCUMULATION OF WEALTH FROM EARNINGS. 
Constancy of purpose and application to the business of operat- 
ing a farm has evidently been exercised more among the best ac- 
cumulators than among the poorest. This fact can be seen by 
comparing the sets of data of almost any two classes of accumu- 
lators in Table 26, but the data on the two extreme classes will 
be used to bring out the point. In the case of owners the best 
accumulators have been working for themselves an average of 24.5 
years, while the poorest accumulators among croppers have been 
working for themselves for an average of 19.4 years. The former 
