THE CADELLE 33 
TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION 
THE BEETLE 
Elongate oblong, subdepresseel. Shining, dark reddish brown or piceous 
above : under surface, antennae, and legs dark reddish brown. Thorax slightly 
wider than long, widely emarginate at apex, narrowed behind the middle, sur- 
face finely and evenly punctate. Elytra twice as long as wide, with base dis- 
tinctly separated from that of thorax, sides nearly parallel, tips rounded ; sur- 
face striate, intervals with two rows of fine punctures. Length 6.5 to 10 mm. 
The original description of Linne (20) follows. 
" T. niger subtus piceus, thoracis marginibus antice posticeque dente angu- 
latis. Similis praecedenti, sed quintuplo minor, supra totus niger, subtus, pedi- 
bus antennisque, piceus. Elytra striata. Thoracis margo antice dente utrinque 
prominulo, & postice dente obsolete" 
THE EGG 
Slender, elongate, spindle shaped, often somewhat curved ; milky white in 
color, opaque. Length 1.15 to 1.5 mm. ; width 0.25 to 0.34 mm. 
THE LARVA 
FIRST STAGE 
The young larva upon hatching measures 1.5 to 1.6 mm. in length and 0.3 mm. 
in width. It is slender, elongate, and flattened in form ; white, almost trans- 
parent, in color with eyes and mouth parts darker. Body provided with a few 
long, stiff hairs. A little later the head capsule, thoracic and anal shields, and 
cerci turn to a light brown ; still later the thoracic and anal shields become 
nearly black. 
Width of larval head 0.23 to 0.28 mm., width of cerci about 0.11 mm. 
SECOND STAGE 
The second-stage larva is very similar in appearance to that of the first 
stage but larger and with the thoracic and anal shields darker in color. 
Length from 3 to 4.6 mm. ; width from 0.54 to 0.9 mm. ; greatest width of 
head 0.35 to 0.43 mm. ; width of cerci 0.22 to 0.26 mm. 
THIRD STAGE 
Similar to preceding stage but larger. Length of body 5 to 8 mm. ; width 
of body 1 to 1.5 mm. ; greatest width of head 0.55 to 0.80 mm. ; width of cerci 
0.35 to 0.54 mm. 
FOURTH STAGE 
Similar to preceding stage but larger. Length of body 7 to 14 mm. ; greatest 
width of body 1 to 2.5 mm. ; greatest width of head 0.9 to 1.3 mm. ; width of 
cerci 0.60 to 0.88 mm. 
FIFTH STAGE 
Mature larva (fig. 15, E) muddy white, elongate, flattened, sides nearly 
parallel, widest at third to seventh abdominal segments. Maximum length 
19 mm., maximum width 3.5 mm. Thoracic segments each with a pair of 
five-jointed legs. Body soft-skinned. Prothorax with a large chitinized shield 
composed of two plates separated in the middle by a narrow suture that 
widens triangularly posteriorly, mesothoracic and metathoracic segments each 
with a pair of small, chitinized, dorsal plates. In each plate of the meso- 
thorax and metathorax there is a peculiar, small, light spot, probably of 
glandular nature. Mesothoracic and metathoracic segments and abdominal 
segments 1 to 8 each with a small, fleshy papilla on alar areas. Abdominal 
segments 1 to 8 each with a pair of dorsal ampulla?. Body moderately hairy. 
Nine abdominal segments visible, ninth dorsally carrying a chitinous plate 
terminating in a pair of heavily chitinized cerci (pseudocerci). 
Head (fig. 15, G, H) free, porrect, flattened, quadrate, about as wide as 
long, occipital foramen posterior and nearly vertical. Frons (fig. 15, G, f) 
